X-Git-Url: https://www.ginac.de/ginac.git//ginac.git?p=ginac.git;a=blobdiff_plain;f=ginac%2Futils.h;h=102f09d59255d6c3db68e24ca4c50a3847648e49;hp=259527eef74669fadab04c35bc2bb2ab7436169b;hb=073bf40a73e419a3dbcb6dfa190947ce2cc3bdce;hpb=a8507b8af1c08d9b27d98d57f95c7ca1a8671e27 diff --git a/ginac/utils.h b/ginac/utils.h index 259527ee..102f09d5 100644 --- a/ginac/utils.h +++ b/ginac/utils.h @@ -1,8 +1,10 @@ /** @file utils.h * - * Interface to several small and furry utilities. - * - * GiNaC Copyright (C) 1999 Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany + * Interface to several small and furry utilities needed within GiNaC but not + * of any interest to the user of the library. */ + +/* + * GiNaC Copyright (C) 1999-2011 Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany * * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by @@ -16,77 +18,426 @@ * * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software - * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA + * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA */ -#ifndef __GINAC_UTILS_H__ -#define __GINAC_UTILS_H__ +#ifndef GINAC_UTILS_H +#define GINAC_UTILS_H -#include -#include +#include "assertion.h" +#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H #include "config.h" +#endif + +#include +#ifdef HAVE_STDINT_H +#include // for uintptr_t +#endif +#include + +namespace GiNaC { -template -string ToString(T const & t) +/** Exception class thrown by functions to signal unimplemented functionality + * so the expression may just be .hold() */ +class dunno {}; + +// some compilers (e.g. cygwin) define a macro log2, causing confusion +#ifdef log2 +#undef log2 +#endif + +unsigned log2(unsigned n); + +/** Rotate bits of unsigned value by one bit to the left. + * This can be necesary if the user wants to define its own hashes. */ +inline unsigned rotate_left(unsigned n) { - char buf[256]; - ostrstream(buf,sizeof(buf)) << t << ends; - return buf; + return (n & 0x80000000U) ? (n << 1 | 0x00000001U) : (n << 1); } -unsigned log2(unsigned n); +/** Compare two pointers (just to establish some sort of canonical order). + * @return -1, 0, or 1 */ +template +inline int compare_pointers(const T * a, const T * b) +{ + // '<' is not defined for pointers that don't point to the same array, + // but std::less is. + if (std::less()(a, b)) + return -1; + else if (std::less()(b, a)) + return 1; + return 0; +} + +#ifdef HAVE_STDINT_H +typedef uintptr_t p_int; +#else +typedef unsigned long p_int; +#endif -int compare_pointers(void const * a, void const * b); - -#define DYNCONSTCAST(FINALTYPE,BASICTYPE,EXPRESSION) \ - dynamic_cast(const_cast(EXPRESSION)) - -// modified from stl_algo.h: always do com(*first1,*first2) instead of comp(*first2,*first1) -template -OutputIterator mymerge(InputIterator1 first1, InputIterator1 last1, - InputIterator2 first2, InputIterator2 last2, - OutputIterator result, Compare comp) { - while (first1 != last1 && first2 != last2) { - if (comp(*first1, *first2)) { - *result = *first1; - ++first1; - } - else { - *result = *first2; - ++first2; - } - ++result; - } - return copy(first2, last2, copy(first1, last1, result)); +/** Truncated multiplication with golden ratio, for computing hash values. */ +inline unsigned golden_ratio_hash(p_int n) +{ + // This function works much better when fast arithmetic with at + // least 64 significant bits is available. + if (sizeof(long) >= 8) { + // So 'long' has 64 bits. Excellent! We prefer it because it might be + // more efficient than 'long long'. + unsigned long l = n * 0x4f1bbcddUL; + return (unsigned)l; + } +#ifdef HAVE_LONG_LONG + else if (sizeof(long long) >= 8) { + // This requires 'long long' (or an equivalent 64 bit type)---which is, + // unfortunately, not ANSI-C++-compliant. + // (Yet C99 demands it, which is reason for hope.) + unsigned long long l = n * 0x4f1bbcddULL; + return (unsigned)l; + } +#endif + // Without a type with 64 significant bits do the multiplication manually + // by splitting n up into the lower and upper two bytes. + const unsigned n0 = (n & 0x0000ffffU); + const unsigned n1 = (n & 0xffff0000U) >> 16; + return (n0 * 0x0000bcddU) + ((n1 * 0x0000bcddU + n0 * 0x00004f1bU) << 16); } -// like merge(), but three lists with *last2<*first3 -template -OutputIterator mymerge3(InputIterator1 first1, InputIterator1 last1, - InputIterator2 first2, InputIterator2 last2, - InputIterator3 first3, InputIterator3 last3, - OutputIterator result, Compare comp) { - while (first1 != last1 && first2 != last2) { - if (comp(*first1, *first2)) { - *result = *first1; - ++first1; - } - else { - *result = *first2; - ++first2; - } - ++result; - } - - if (first1==last1) { - // list1 empty, copy rest of list2, then list3 - return copy(first3, last3, copy(first2, last2, result)); - } else { - // list2 empty, merge rest of list1 with list3 - return mymerge(first1,last1,first3,last3,result,comp); - } +/* Compute the sign of a permutation of a container, with and without an + explicitly supplied comparison function. If the sign returned is 1 or -1, + the container is sorted after the operation. */ +template +int permutation_sign(It first, It last) +{ + if (first == last) + return 0; + --last; + if (first == last) + return 0; + It flag = first; + int sign = 1; + + do { + It i = last, other = last; + --other; + bool swapped = false; + while (i != first) { + if (*i < *other) { + std::iter_swap(other, i); + flag = other; + swapped = true; + sign = -sign; + } else if (!(*other < *i)) + return 0; + --i; + if (i != first) + --other; + } + if (!swapped) + return sign; + ++flag; + if (flag == last) + return sign; + first = flag; + i = first; other = first; + ++other; + swapped = false; + while (i != last) { + if (*other < *i) { + std::iter_swap(i, other); + flag = other; + swapped = true; + sign = -sign; + } else if (!(*i < *other)) + return 0; + ++i; + if (i != last) + ++other; + } + if (!swapped) + return sign; + last = flag; + --last; + } while (first != last); + + return sign; +} + +template +int permutation_sign(It first, It last, Cmp comp, Swap swapit) +{ + if (first == last) + return 0; + --last; + if (first == last) + return 0; + It flag = first; + int sign = 1; + + do { + It i = last, other = last; + --other; + bool swapped = false; + while (i != first) { + if (comp(*i, *other)) { + swapit(*other, *i); + flag = other; + swapped = true; + sign = -sign; + } else if (!comp(*other, *i)) + return 0; + --i; + if (i != first) + --other; + } + if (!swapped) + return sign; + ++flag; + if (flag == last) + return sign; + first = flag; + i = first; other = first; + ++other; + swapped = false; + while (i != last) { + if (comp(*other, *i)) { + swapit(*i, *other); + flag = other; + swapped = true; + sign = -sign; + } else if (!comp(*i, *other)) + return 0; + ++i; + if (i != last) + ++other; + } + if (!swapped) + return sign; + last = flag; + --last; + } while (first != last); + + return sign; } -#endif // ndef __GINAC_UTILS_H__ +/* Implementation of shaker sort, only compares adjacent elements. */ +template +void shaker_sort(It first, It last, Cmp comp, Swap swapit) +{ + if (first == last) + return; + --last; + if (first == last) + return; + It flag = first; + + do { + It i = last, other = last; + --other; + bool swapped = false; + while (i != first) { + if (comp(*i, *other)) { + swapit(*other, *i); + flag = other; + swapped = true; + } + --i; + if (i != first) + --other; + } + if (!swapped) + return; + ++flag; + if (flag == last) + return; + first = flag; + i = first; other = first; + ++other; + swapped = false; + while (i != last) { + if (comp(*other, *i)) { + swapit(*i, *other); + flag = other; + swapped = true; + } + ++i; + if (i != last) + ++other; + } + if (!swapped) + return; + last = flag; + --last; + } while (first != last); +} + +/* In-place cyclic permutation of a container (no copying, only swapping). */ +template +void cyclic_permutation(It first, It last, It new_first, Swap swapit) +{ + unsigned num = last - first; +again: + if (first == new_first || num < 2) + return; + + unsigned num1 = new_first - first, num2 = last - new_first; + if (num1 >= num2) { + It a = first, b = new_first; + while (b != last) { + swapit(*a, *b); + ++a; ++b; + } + if (num1 > num2) { + first += num2; + num = num1; + goto again; + } + } else { + It a = new_first, b = last; + do { + --a; --b; + swapit(*a, *b); + } while (a != first); + last -= num1; + num = num2; + goto again; + } +} + + +// Collection of `construct on first use' wrappers for safely avoiding +// internal object replication without running into the `static +// initialization order fiasco'. This chest of numbers helps speed up +// the library but should not be used outside it since it is +// potentially confusing. + +class ex; + +extern const numeric *_num_120_p; +extern const ex _ex_120; +extern const numeric *_num_60_p; +extern const ex _ex_60; +extern const numeric *_num_48_p; +extern const ex _ex_48; +extern const numeric *_num_30_p; +extern const ex _ex_30; +extern const numeric *_num_25_p; +extern const ex _ex_25; +extern const numeric *_num_24_p; +extern const ex _ex_24; +extern const numeric *_num_20_p; +extern const ex _ex_20; +extern const numeric *_num_18_p; +extern const ex _ex_18; +extern const numeric *_num_15_p; +extern const ex _ex_15; +extern const numeric *_num_12_p; +extern const ex _ex_12; +extern const numeric *_num_11_p; +extern const ex _ex_11; +extern const numeric *_num_10_p; +extern const ex _ex_10; +extern const numeric *_num_9_p; +extern const ex _ex_9; +extern const numeric *_num_8_p; +extern const ex _ex_8; +extern const numeric *_num_7_p; +extern const ex _ex_7; +extern const numeric *_num_6_p; +extern const ex _ex_6; +extern const numeric *_num_5_p; +extern const ex _ex_5; +extern const numeric *_num_4_p; +extern const ex _ex_4; +extern const numeric *_num_3_p; +extern const ex _ex_3; +extern const numeric *_num_2_p; +extern const ex _ex_2; +extern const numeric *_num_1_p; +extern const ex _ex_1; +extern const numeric *_num_1_2_p; +extern const ex _ex_1_2; +extern const numeric *_num_1_3_p; +extern const ex _ex_1_3; +extern const numeric *_num_1_4_p; +extern const ex _ex_1_4; +extern const numeric *_num0_p; +extern const basic *_num0_bp; +extern const ex _ex0; +extern const numeric *_num1_4_p; +extern const ex _ex1_4; +extern const numeric *_num1_3_p; +extern const ex _ex1_3; +extern const numeric *_num1_2_p; +extern const ex _ex1_2; +extern const numeric *_num1_p; +extern const ex _ex1; +extern const numeric *_num2_p; +extern const ex _ex2; +extern const numeric *_num3_p; +extern const ex _ex3; +extern const numeric *_num4_p; +extern const ex _ex4; +extern const numeric *_num5_p; +extern const ex _ex5; +extern const numeric *_num6_p; +extern const ex _ex6; +extern const numeric *_num7_p; +extern const ex _ex7; +extern const numeric *_num8_p; +extern const ex _ex8; +extern const numeric *_num9_p; +extern const ex _ex9; +extern const numeric *_num10_p; +extern const ex _ex10; +extern const numeric *_num11_p; +extern const ex _ex11; +extern const numeric *_num12_p; +extern const ex _ex12; +extern const numeric *_num15_p; +extern const ex _ex15; +extern const numeric *_num18_p; +extern const ex _ex18; +extern const numeric *_num20_p; +extern const ex _ex20; +extern const numeric *_num24_p; +extern const ex _ex24; +extern const numeric *_num25_p; +extern const ex _ex25; +extern const numeric *_num30_p; +extern const ex _ex30; +extern const numeric *_num48_p; +extern const ex _ex48; +extern const numeric *_num60_p; +extern const ex _ex60; +extern const numeric *_num120_p; +extern const ex _ex120; + + +// Helper macros for class implementations (mostly useful for trivial classes) + +#define DEFAULT_CTOR(classname) \ +classname::classname() { setflag(status_flags::evaluated | status_flags::expanded); } + +#define DEFAULT_COMPARE(classname) \ +int classname::compare_same_type(const basic & other) const \ +{ \ + /* by default, the objects are always identical */ \ + return 0; \ +} + +#define DEFAULT_PRINT(classname, text) \ +void classname::do_print(const print_context & c, unsigned level) const \ +{ \ + c.s << text; \ +} + +#define DEFAULT_PRINT_LATEX(classname, text, latex) \ +DEFAULT_PRINT(classname, text) \ +void classname::do_print_latex(const print_latex & c, unsigned level) const \ +{ \ + c.s << latex; \ +} + +} // namespace GiNaC + +#endif // ndef GINAC_UTILS_H