The last 3 evaluated expressions in ginsh are now referred to with the

[ginac.git] / ginsh / ginsh.1.in

diff --git a/ginsh/ginsh.1.in b/ginsh/ginsh.1.in
index a19be9c0e8e63b8d4655410038cc527a856f571a..c3b9305e39becd44ad0db3eb75aa18f8eb462572 100644 (file)
--- a/ginsh/ginsh.1.in
+++ b/ginsh/ginsh.1.in
@@ -109,10 +109,17 @@ There is also the special
 symbol that controls the numeric precision of calculations with inexact numbers.
 Assigning an integer value to digits will change the precision to the given
 number of decimal places.
+.SS WILDCARDS
+The has(), find(), match() and subs() functions accept wildcards as placeholders
+for expressions. These have the syntax
+.RS
+.BI $ number
+.RE
+for example $0, $1 etc.
 .SS LAST PRINTED EXPRESSIONS
 ginsh provides the three special symbols
 .RS
-", "" and """
+%, %% and %%%
 .RE
 that refer to the last, second last, and third last printed expression, respectively.
 These are handy if you want to use the results of previous computations in a new
@@ -184,22 +191,20 @@ Lists are used by the
 .B subs
 and
 .B lsolve
-functions. A list consists of an opening square bracket
+functions. A list consists of an opening curly brace
+.RB ( { ),
+a (possibly empty) comma-separated sequence of expressions, and a closing curly
+brace
+.RB ( } ).
+.SS MATRICES
+A matrix consists of an opening square bracket
 .RB ( [ ),
-a (possibly empty) comma-separated sequence of expressions, and a closing square
-bracket
+a non-empty comma-separated sequence of matrix rows, and a closing square bracket
+.RB ( ] ).
+Each matrix row consists of an opening square bracket
+.RB ( [ ),
+a non-empty comma-separated sequence of expressions, and a closing square bracket
 .RB ( ] ).
-.SS MATRICES
-A matrix consists of an opening double square bracket
-.RB ( [[ ),
-a non-empty comma-separated sequence of matrix rows, and a closing double square
-bracket
-.RB ( ]] ).
-Each matrix row consists of an opening double square bracket
-.RB ( [[ ),
-a non-empty comma-separated sequence of expressions, and a closing double square
-bracket
-.RB ( ]] ).
 If the rows of a matrix are not of the same length, the width of the matrix
 becomes that of the longest row and shorter rows are filled up at the end
 with elements of value zero.
@@ -241,6 +246,9 @@ detail here. Please refer to the GiNaC documentation.
 .BI content( expression ", " symbol )
 \- content part of a polynomial
 .br
+.BI decomp_rational( expression ", " symbol )
+\- decompose rational function into polynomial and proper rational function
+.br
 .BI degree( expression ", " object )
 \- degree of a polynomial
 .br
@@ -265,14 +273,20 @@ detail here. Please refer to the GiNaC documentation.
 .BI evalf( "expression [" ", " level] )
 \- evaluates an expression to a floating point number
 .br
+.BI evalm( expression )
+\- evaluates sums, products and integer powers of matrices
+.br
 .BI expand( expression )
 \- expands an expression
 .br
+.BI find( expression ", " pattern )
+\- returns a list of all occurrences of a pattern in an expression
+.br
 .BI gcd( expression ", " expression )
 \- greatest common divisor
 .br
-.BI has( expression ", " expression )
-\- returns "1" if the first expression contains the second as a subexpression, "0" otherwise
+.BI has( expression ", " pattern )
+\- returns "1" if the first expression contains the pattern as a subexpression, "0" otherwise
 .br
 .BI inverse( matrix )
 \- inverse of a matrix
@@ -292,6 +306,9 @@ detail here. Please refer to the GiNaC documentation.
 .BI lsolve( equation-list ", " symbol-list )
 \- solve system of linear equations
 .br
+.BI map( expression ", " pattern )
+\- apply function to each operand; the function to be applied is specified as a pattern with the "$0" wildcard standing for the operands
+.br
 .BI match( expression ", " pattern )
 \- check whether expression matches a pattern; returns a list of wildcard substitutions or "FAIL" if there is no match
 .br
@@ -304,6 +321,9 @@ detail here. Please refer to the GiNaC documentation.
 .BI numer( expression )
 \- numerator of a rational function
 .br
+.BI numer_denom( expression )
+\- numerator and denumerator of a rational function as a list
+.br
 .BI op( expression ", " number )
 \- extract operand from expression
 .br
@@ -334,7 +354,7 @@ detail here. Please refer to the GiNaC documentation.
 .BI subs( expression ", " relation-or-list )
 .br
 .BI subs( expression ", " look-for-list ", " replace-by-list )
-\- substitute subexpressions
+\- substitute subexpressions (you may use wildcards)
 .br
 .BI tcoeff( expression ", " object )
 \- trailing coefficient of a polynomial
@@ -430,15 +450,15 @@ x
 (x+1)^(\-2)*(\-x+x^2\-2)
 > series(sin(x),x==0,6);
 1*x+(\-1/6)*x^3+1/120*x^5+Order(x^6)
-> lsolve([3*x+5*y == 7], [x, y]);
-[x==\-5/3*y+7/3,y==y]
-> lsolve([3*x+5*y == 7, \-2*x+10*y == \-5], [x, y]);
-[x==19/8,y==\-1/40]
-> M = [[ [[a, b]], [[c, d]] ]];
-[[ [[\-x+x^2\-2,(x+1)^2]], [[c,d]] ]]
+> lsolve({3*x+5*y == 7}, {x, y});
+{x==\-5/3*y+7/3,y==y}
+> lsolve({3*x+5*y == 7, \-2*x+10*y == \-5}, {x, y});
+{x==19/8,y==\-1/40}
+> M = [ [a, b], [c, d] ];
+[[\-x+x^2\-2,(x+1)^2],[c,d]]
 > determinant(M);
 \-2*d\-2*x*c\-x^2*c\-x*d+x^2*d\-c
-> collect(", x);
+> collect(%, x);
 (\-d\-2*c)*x+(d\-c)*x^2\-2*d\-c
 > solve quantum field theory;
 parse error at quantum