]> www.ginac.de Git - ginac.git/blobdiff - ginac/power.cpp
* Fix a bitch of a bug where 1<I (and all other relationals) returned true.
[ginac.git] / ginac / power.cpp
index 11fcbffeebbfc3a5ae2180ef7156c67625e365f7..47efc2fd3806583b0e61197354111f090b11755e 100644 (file)
@@ -30,7 +30,9 @@
 #include "mul.h"
 #include "ncmul.h"
 #include "numeric.h"
-#include "inifcns.h"
+#include "constant.h"
+#include "inifcns.h" // for log() in power::derivative()
+#include "matrix.h"
 #include "symbol.h"
 #include "print.h"
 #include "archive.h"
@@ -47,7 +49,7 @@ typedef std::vector<int> intvector;
 // default ctor, dtor, copy ctor assignment operator and helpers
 //////////
 
-power::power() : basic(TINFO_power)
+power::power() : inherited(TINFO_power)
 {
        debugmsg("power default ctor",LOGLEVEL_CONSTRUCT);
 }
@@ -65,14 +67,14 @@ DEFAULT_DESTROY(power)
 // other ctors
 //////////
 
-power::power(const ex & lh, const ex & rh) : basic(TINFO_power), basis(lh), exponent(rh)
+power::power(const ex & lh, const ex & rh) : inherited(TINFO_power), basis(lh), exponent(rh)
 {
        debugmsg("power ctor from ex,ex",LOGLEVEL_CONSTRUCT);
 }
 
 /** Ctor from an ex and a bare numeric.  This is somewhat more efficient than
  *  the normal ctor from two ex whenever it can be used. */
-power::power(const ex & lh, const numeric & rh) : basic(TINFO_power), basis(lh), exponent(rh)
+power::power(const ex & lh, const numeric & rh) : inherited(TINFO_power), basis(lh), exponent(rh)
 {
        debugmsg("power ctor from ex,numeric",LOGLEVEL_CONSTRUCT);
 }
@@ -131,31 +133,31 @@ void power::print(const print_context & c, unsigned level) const
 {
        debugmsg("power print", LOGLEVEL_PRINT);
 
-       if (is_of_type(c, print_tree)) {
+       if (is_a<print_tree>(c)) {
 
                inherited::print(c, level);
 
-       } else if (is_of_type(c, print_csrc)) {
+       } else if (is_a<print_csrc>(c)) {
 
                // Integer powers of symbols are printed in a special, optimized way
                if (exponent.info(info_flags::integer)
-                && (is_ex_exactly_of_type(basis, symbol) || is_ex_exactly_of_type(basis, constant))) {
-                       int exp = ex_to_numeric(exponent).to_int();
+                && (is_exactly_a<symbol>(basis) || is_exactly_a<constant>(basis))) {
+                       int exp = ex_to<numeric>(exponent).to_int();
                        if (exp > 0)
                                c.s << '(';
                        else {
                                exp = -exp;
-                               if (is_of_type(c, print_csrc_cl_N))
+                               if (is_a<print_csrc_cl_N>(c))
                                        c.s << "recip(";
                                else
                                        c.s << "1.0/(";
                        }
-                       print_sym_pow(c, ex_to_symbol(basis), exp);
+                       print_sym_pow(c, ex_to<symbol>(basis), exp);
                        c.s << ')';
 
                // <expr>^-1 is printed as "1.0/<expr>" or with the recip() function of CLN
                } else if (exponent.compare(_num_1()) == 0) {
-                       if (is_of_type(c, print_csrc_cl_N))
+                       if (is_a<print_csrc_cl_N>(c))
                                c.s << "recip(";
                        else
                                c.s << "1.0/(";
@@ -164,7 +166,7 @@ void power::print(const print_context & c, unsigned level) const
 
                // Otherwise, use the pow() or expt() (CLN) functions
                } else {
-                       if (is_of_type(c, print_csrc_cl_N))
+                       if (is_a<print_csrc_cl_N>(c))
                                c.s << "expt(";
                        else
                                c.s << "pow(";
@@ -177,31 +179,31 @@ void power::print(const print_context & c, unsigned level) const
        } else {
 
                if (exponent.is_equal(_ex1_2())) {
-                       if (is_of_type(c, print_latex))
+                       if (is_a<print_latex>(c))
                                c.s << "\\sqrt{";
                        else
                                c.s << "sqrt(";
                        basis.print(c);
-                       if (is_of_type(c, print_latex))
+                       if (is_a<print_latex>(c))
                                c.s << '}';
                        else
                                c.s << ')';
                } else {
                        if (precedence() <= level) {
-                               if (is_of_type(c, print_latex))
+                               if (is_a<print_latex>(c))
                                        c.s << "{(";
                                else
                                        c.s << "(";
                        }
                        basis.print(c, precedence());
                        c.s << '^';
-                       if (is_of_type(c, print_latex))
+                       if (is_a<print_latex>(c))
                                c.s << '{';
                        exponent.print(c, precedence());
-                       if (is_of_type(c, print_latex))
+                       if (is_a<print_latex>(c))
                                c.s << '}';
                        if (precedence() <= level) {
-                               if (is_of_type(c, print_latex))
+                               if (is_a<print_latex>(c))
                                        c.s << ")}";
                                else
                                        c.s << ')';
@@ -241,7 +243,7 @@ ex & power::let_op(int i)
        return i==0 ? basis : exponent;
 }
 
-ex power::map(map_func f) const
+ex power::map(map_function & f) const
 {
        return (new power(f(basis), f(exponent)))->setflag(status_flags::dynallocated);
 }
@@ -250,12 +252,12 @@ int power::degree(const ex & s) const
 {
        if (is_exactly_of_type(*exponent.bp,numeric)) {
                if (basis.is_equal(s)) {
-                       if (ex_to_numeric(exponent).is_integer())
-                               return ex_to_numeric(exponent).to_int();
+                       if (ex_to<numeric>(exponent).is_integer())
+                               return ex_to<numeric>(exponent).to_int();
                        else
                                return 0;
                } else
-                       return basis.degree(s) * ex_to_numeric(exponent).to_int();
+                       return basis.degree(s) * ex_to<numeric>(exponent).to_int();
        }
        return 0;
 }
@@ -264,12 +266,12 @@ int power::ldegree(const ex & s) const
 {
        if (is_exactly_of_type(*exponent.bp,numeric)) {
                if (basis.is_equal(s)) {
-                       if (ex_to_numeric(exponent).is_integer())
-                               return ex_to_numeric(exponent).to_int();
+                       if (ex_to<numeric>(exponent).is_integer())
+                               return ex_to<numeric>(exponent).to_int();
                        else
                                return 0;
                } else
-                       return basis.ldegree(s) * ex_to_numeric(exponent).to_int();
+                       return basis.ldegree(s) * ex_to<numeric>(exponent).to_int();
        }
        return 0;
 }
@@ -284,9 +286,9 @@ ex power::coeff(const ex & s, int n) const
                        return _ex0();
        } else {
                // basis equal to s
-               if (is_exactly_of_type(*exponent.bp, numeric) && ex_to_numeric(exponent).is_integer()) {
+               if (is_exactly_of_type(*exponent.bp, numeric) && ex_to<numeric>(exponent).is_integer()) {
                        // integer exponent
-                       int int_exp = ex_to_numeric(exponent).to_int();
+                       int int_exp = ex_to<numeric>(exponent).to_int();
                        if (n == int_exp)
                                return _ex1();
                        else
@@ -404,11 +406,11 @@ ex power::eval(int level) const
                // (c1, c2 numeric(), c2 integer or -1 < c1 <= 1,
                // case c1==1 should not happen, see below!)
                if (is_ex_exactly_of_type(ebasis,power)) {
-                       const power & sub_power = ex_to_power(ebasis);
+                       const power & sub_power = ex_to<power>(ebasis);
                        const ex & sub_basis = sub_power.basis;
                        const ex & sub_exponent = sub_power.exponent;
                        if (is_ex_exactly_of_type(sub_exponent,numeric)) {
-                               const numeric & num_sub_exponent = ex_to_numeric(sub_exponent);
+                               const numeric & num_sub_exponent = ex_to<numeric>(sub_exponent);
                                GINAC_ASSERT(num_sub_exponent!=numeric(1));
                                if (num_exponent->is_integer() || (abs(num_sub_exponent) - _num1()).is_negative())
                                        return power(sub_basis,num_sub_exponent.mul(*num_exponent));
@@ -417,16 +419,16 @@ ex power::eval(int level) const
        
                // ^(*(x,y,z),c1) -> *(x^c1,y^c1,z^c1) (c1 integer)
                if (num_exponent->is_integer() && is_ex_exactly_of_type(ebasis,mul)) {
-                       return expand_mul(ex_to_mul(ebasis), *num_exponent);
+                       return expand_mul(ex_to<mul>(ebasis), *num_exponent);
                }
        
                // ^(*(...,x;c1),c2) -> ^(*(...,x;1),c2)*c1^c2 (c1, c2 numeric(), c1>0)
                // ^(*(...,x,c1),c2) -> ^(*(...,x;-1),c2)*(-c1)^c2 (c1, c2 numeric(), c1<0)
                if (is_ex_exactly_of_type(ebasis,mul)) {
                        GINAC_ASSERT(!num_exponent->is_integer()); // should have been handled above
-                       const mul & mulref = ex_to_mul(ebasis);
+                       const mul & mulref = ex_to<mul>(ebasis);
                        if (!mulref.overall_coeff.is_equal(_ex1())) {
-                               const numeric & num_coeff = ex_to_numeric(mulref.overall_coeff);
+                               const numeric & num_coeff = ex_to<numeric>(mulref.overall_coeff);
                                if (num_coeff.is_real()) {
                                        if (num_coeff.is_positive()) {
                                                mul * mulp = new mul(mulref);
@@ -450,8 +452,10 @@ ex power::eval(int level) const
                        }
                }
 
-               // ^(nc,c1) -> ncmul(nc,nc,...) (c1 positive integer)
-               if (num_exponent->is_pos_integer() && ebasis.return_type() != return_types::commutative) {
+               // ^(nc,c1) -> ncmul(nc,nc,...) (c1 positive integer, unless nc is a matrix)
+               if (num_exponent->is_pos_integer() &&
+                   ebasis.return_type() != return_types::commutative &&
+                   !is_ex_of_type(ebasis,matrix)) {
                        return ncmul(exvector(num_exponent->to_int(), ebasis), true);
                }
        }
@@ -487,6 +491,18 @@ ex power::evalf(int level) const
        return power(ebasis,eexponent);
 }
 
+ex power::evalm(void) const
+{
+       ex ebasis = basis.evalm();
+       ex eexponent = exponent.evalm();
+       if (is_ex_of_type(ebasis,matrix)) {
+               if (is_ex_of_type(eexponent,numeric)) {
+                       return (new matrix(ex_to<matrix>(ebasis).pow(eexponent)))->setflag(status_flags::dynallocated);
+               }
+       }
+       return (new power(ebasis, eexponent))->setflag(status_flags::dynallocated);
+}
+
 ex power::subs(const lst & ls, const lst & lr, bool no_pattern) const
 {
        const ex &subsed_basis = basis.subs(ls, lr, no_pattern);
@@ -558,7 +574,7 @@ ex power::expand(unsigned options) const
        
        // x^(a+b) -> x^a * x^b
        if (is_ex_exactly_of_type(expanded_exponent, add)) {
-               const add &a = ex_to_add(expanded_exponent);
+               const add &a = ex_to<add>(expanded_exponent);
                exvector distrseq;
                distrseq.reserve(a.seq.size() + 1);
                epvector::const_iterator last = a.seq.end();
@@ -569,11 +585,11 @@ ex power::expand(unsigned options) const
                }
                
                // Make sure that e.g. (x+y)^(2+a) expands the (x+y)^2 factor
-               if (ex_to_numeric(a.overall_coeff).is_integer()) {
-                       const numeric &num_exponent = ex_to_numeric(a.overall_coeff);
+               if (ex_to<numeric>(a.overall_coeff).is_integer()) {
+                       const numeric &num_exponent = ex_to<numeric>(a.overall_coeff);
                        int int_exponent = num_exponent.to_int();
                        if (int_exponent > 0 && is_ex_exactly_of_type(expanded_basis, add))
-                               distrseq.push_back(expand_add(ex_to_add(expanded_basis), int_exponent));
+                               distrseq.push_back(expand_add(ex_to<add>(expanded_basis), int_exponent));
                        else
                                distrseq.push_back(power(expanded_basis, a.overall_coeff));
                } else
@@ -585,7 +601,7 @@ ex power::expand(unsigned options) const
        }
        
        if (!is_ex_exactly_of_type(expanded_exponent, numeric) ||
-               !ex_to_numeric(expanded_exponent).is_integer()) {
+               !ex_to<numeric>(expanded_exponent).is_integer()) {
                if (are_ex_trivially_equal(basis,expanded_basis) && are_ex_trivially_equal(exponent,expanded_exponent)) {
                        return this->hold();
                } else {
@@ -594,16 +610,16 @@ ex power::expand(unsigned options) const
        }
        
        // integer numeric exponent
-       const numeric & num_exponent = ex_to_numeric(expanded_exponent);
+       const numeric & num_exponent = ex_to<numeric>(expanded_exponent);
        int int_exponent = num_exponent.to_int();
        
        // (x+y)^n, n>0
        if (int_exponent > 0 && is_ex_exactly_of_type(expanded_basis,add))
-               return expand_add(ex_to_add(expanded_basis), int_exponent);
+               return expand_add(ex_to<add>(expanded_basis), int_exponent);
        
        // (x*y)^n -> x^n * y^n
        if (is_ex_exactly_of_type(expanded_basis,mul))
-               return expand_mul(ex_to_mul(expanded_basis), num_exponent);
+               return expand_mul(ex_to<mul>(expanded_basis), num_exponent);
        
        // cannot expand further
        if (are_ex_trivially_equal(basis,expanded_basis) && are_ex_trivially_equal(exponent,expanded_exponent))
@@ -650,13 +666,13 @@ ex power::expand_add(const add & a, int n) const
                        const ex & b = a.op(l);
                        GINAC_ASSERT(!is_ex_exactly_of_type(b,add));
                        GINAC_ASSERT(!is_ex_exactly_of_type(b,power) ||
-                                    !is_ex_exactly_of_type(ex_to_power(b).exponent,numeric) ||
-                                    !ex_to_numeric(ex_to_power(b).exponent).is_pos_integer() ||
-                                    !is_ex_exactly_of_type(ex_to_power(b).basis,add) ||
-                                    !is_ex_exactly_of_type(ex_to_power(b).basis,mul) ||
-                                    !is_ex_exactly_of_type(ex_to_power(b).basis,power));
+                                    !is_ex_exactly_of_type(ex_to<power>(b).exponent,numeric) ||
+                                    !ex_to<numeric>(ex_to<power>(b).exponent).is_pos_integer() ||
+                                    !is_ex_exactly_of_type(ex_to<power>(b).basis,add) ||
+                                    !is_ex_exactly_of_type(ex_to<power>(b).basis,mul) ||
+                                    !is_ex_exactly_of_type(ex_to<power>(b).basis,power));
                        if (is_ex_exactly_of_type(b,mul))
-                               term.push_back(expand_mul(ex_to_mul(b),numeric(k[l])));
+                               term.push_back(expand_mul(ex_to<mul>(b),numeric(k[l])));
                        else
                                term.push_back(power(b,k[l]));
                }
@@ -664,13 +680,13 @@ ex power::expand_add(const add & a, int n) const
                const ex & b = a.op(l);
                GINAC_ASSERT(!is_ex_exactly_of_type(b,add));
                GINAC_ASSERT(!is_ex_exactly_of_type(b,power) ||
-                            !is_ex_exactly_of_type(ex_to_power(b).exponent,numeric) ||
-                            !ex_to_numeric(ex_to_power(b).exponent).is_pos_integer() ||
-                            !is_ex_exactly_of_type(ex_to_power(b).basis,add) ||
-                            !is_ex_exactly_of_type(ex_to_power(b).basis,mul) ||
-                            !is_ex_exactly_of_type(ex_to_power(b).basis,power));
+                            !is_ex_exactly_of_type(ex_to<power>(b).exponent,numeric) ||
+                            !ex_to<numeric>(ex_to<power>(b).exponent).is_pos_integer() ||
+                            !is_ex_exactly_of_type(ex_to<power>(b).basis,add) ||
+                            !is_ex_exactly_of_type(ex_to<power>(b).basis,mul) ||
+                            !is_ex_exactly_of_type(ex_to<power>(b).basis,power));
                if (is_ex_exactly_of_type(b,mul))
-                       term.push_back(expand_mul(ex_to_mul(b),numeric(n-k_cum[m-2])));
+                       term.push_back(expand_mul(ex_to<mul>(b),numeric(n-k_cum[m-2])));
                else
                        term.push_back(power(b,n-k_cum[m-2]));
                
@@ -736,15 +752,15 @@ ex power::expand_add_2(const add & a) const
                
                GINAC_ASSERT(!is_ex_exactly_of_type(r,add));
                GINAC_ASSERT(!is_ex_exactly_of_type(r,power) ||
-                            !is_ex_exactly_of_type(ex_to_power(r).exponent,numeric) ||
-                            !ex_to_numeric(ex_to_power(r).exponent).is_pos_integer() ||
-                            !is_ex_exactly_of_type(ex_to_power(r).basis,add) ||
-                            !is_ex_exactly_of_type(ex_to_power(r).basis,mul) ||
-                            !is_ex_exactly_of_type(ex_to_power(r).basis,power));
+                            !is_ex_exactly_of_type(ex_to<power>(r).exponent,numeric) ||
+                            !ex_to<numeric>(ex_to<power>(r).exponent).is_pos_integer() ||
+                            !is_ex_exactly_of_type(ex_to<power>(r).basis,add) ||
+                            !is_ex_exactly_of_type(ex_to<power>(r).basis,mul) ||
+                            !is_ex_exactly_of_type(ex_to<power>(r).basis,power));
                
                if (are_ex_trivially_equal(c,_ex1())) {
                        if (is_ex_exactly_of_type(r,mul)) {
-                               sum.push_back(expair(expand_mul(ex_to_mul(r),_num2()),
+                               sum.push_back(expair(expand_mul(ex_to<mul>(r),_num2()),
                                                     _ex1()));
                        } else {
                                sum.push_back(expair((new power(r,_ex2()))->setflag(status_flags::dynallocated),
@@ -752,11 +768,11 @@ ex power::expand_add_2(const add & a) const
                        }
                } else {
                        if (is_ex_exactly_of_type(r,mul)) {
-                               sum.push_back(expair(expand_mul(ex_to_mul(r),_num2()),
-                                                    ex_to_numeric(c).power_dyn(_num2())));
+                               sum.push_back(expair(expand_mul(ex_to<mul>(r),_num2()),
+                                                    ex_to<numeric>(c).power_dyn(_num2())));
                        } else {
                                sum.push_back(expair((new power(r,_ex2()))->setflag(status_flags::dynallocated),
-                                                    ex_to_numeric(c).power_dyn(_num2())));
+                                                    ex_to<numeric>(c).power_dyn(_num2())));
                        }
                }
                        
@@ -764,7 +780,7 @@ ex power::expand_add_2(const add & a) const
                        const ex & r1 = (*cit1).rest;
                        const ex & c1 = (*cit1).coeff;
                        sum.push_back(a.combine_ex_with_coeff_to_pair((new mul(r,r1))->setflag(status_flags::dynallocated),
-                                                                     _num2().mul(ex_to_numeric(c)).mul_dyn(ex_to_numeric(c1))));
+                                                                     _num2().mul(ex_to<numeric>(c)).mul_dyn(ex_to<numeric>(c1))));
                }
        }
        
@@ -773,9 +789,9 @@ ex power::expand_add_2(const add & a) const
        // second part: add terms coming from overall_factor (if != 0)
        if (!a.overall_coeff.is_zero()) {
                for (epvector::const_iterator cit=a.seq.begin(); cit!=a.seq.end(); ++cit) {
-                       sum.push_back(a.combine_pair_with_coeff_to_pair(*cit,ex_to_numeric(a.overall_coeff).mul_dyn(_num2())));
+                       sum.push_back(a.combine_pair_with_coeff_to_pair(*cit,ex_to<numeric>(a.overall_coeff).mul_dyn(_num2())));
                }
-               sum.push_back(expair(ex_to_numeric(a.overall_coeff).power_dyn(_num2()),_ex1()));
+               sum.push_back(expair(ex_to<numeric>(a.overall_coeff).power_dyn(_num2()),_ex1()));
        }
        
        GINAC_ASSERT(sum.size()==(a_nops*(a_nops+1))/2);
@@ -800,11 +816,11 @@ ex power::expand_mul(const mul & m, const numeric & n) const
                } else {
                        // it is safe not to call mul::combine_pair_with_coeff_to_pair()
                        // since n is an integer
-                       distrseq.push_back(expair((*cit).rest, ex_to_numeric((*cit).coeff).mul(n)));
+                       distrseq.push_back(expair((*cit).rest, ex_to<numeric>((*cit).coeff).mul(n)));
                }
                ++cit;
        }
-       return (new mul(distrseq,ex_to_numeric(m.overall_coeff).power_dyn(n)))->setflag(status_flags::dynallocated);
+       return (new mul(distrseq,ex_to<numeric>(m.overall_coeff).power_dyn(n)))->setflag(status_flags::dynallocated);
 }
 
 /*