* function returns for a given expression.
*
* @param e expression to search
- * @param x pointer to first symbol found (returned)
+ * @param x first symbol found (returned)
* @return "false" if no symbol was found, "true" otherwise */
-static bool get_first_symbol(const ex &e, const symbol *&x)
+static bool get_first_symbol(const ex &e, ex &x)
{
if (is_a<symbol>(e)) {
- x = &ex_to<symbol>(e);
+ x = e;
return true;
} else if (is_exactly_a<add>(e) || is_exactly_a<mul>(e)) {
for (size_t i=0; i<e.nops(); i++)
*
* @see get_symbol_stats */
struct sym_desc {
- /** Pointer to symbol */
- const symbol *sym;
+ /** Reference to symbol */
+ ex sym;
/** Highest degree of symbol in polynomial "a" */
int deg_a;
typedef std::vector<sym_desc> sym_desc_vec;
// Add symbol the sym_desc_vec (used internally by get_symbol_stats())
-static void add_symbol(const symbol *s, sym_desc_vec &v)
+static void add_symbol(const ex &s, sym_desc_vec &v)
{
sym_desc_vec::const_iterator it = v.begin(), itend = v.end();
while (it != itend) {
- if (it->sym->compare(*s) == 0) // If it's already in there, don't add it a second time
+ if (it->sym.is_equal(s)) // If it's already in there, don't add it a second time
return;
++it;
}
static void collect_symbols(const ex &e, sym_desc_vec &v)
{
if (is_a<symbol>(e)) {
- add_symbol(&ex_to<symbol>(e), v);
+ add_symbol(e, v);
} else if (is_exactly_a<add>(e) || is_exactly_a<mul>(e)) {
for (size_t i=0; i<e.nops(); i++)
collect_symbols(e.op(i), v);
collect_symbols(b.eval(), v);
sym_desc_vec::iterator it = v.begin(), itend = v.end();
while (it != itend) {
- int deg_a = a.degree(*(it->sym));
- int deg_b = b.degree(*(it->sym));
+ int deg_a = a.degree(it->sym);
+ int deg_b = b.degree(it->sym);
it->deg_a = deg_a;
it->deg_b = deg_b;
it->max_deg = std::max(deg_a, deg_b);
- it->max_lcnops = std::max(a.lcoeff(*(it->sym)).nops(), b.lcoeff(*(it->sym)).nops());
- it->ldeg_a = a.ldegree(*(it->sym));
- it->ldeg_b = b.ldegree(*(it->sym));
+ it->max_lcnops = std::max(a.lcoeff(it->sym).nops(), b.lcoeff(it->sym).nops());
+ it->ldeg_a = a.ldegree(it->sym);
+ it->ldeg_b = b.ldegree(it->sym);
++it;
}
std::sort(v.begin(), v.end());
std::clog << "Symbols:\n";
it = v.begin(); itend = v.end();
while (it != itend) {
- std::clog << " " << *it->sym << ": deg_a=" << it->deg_a << ", deg_b=" << it->deg_b << ", ldeg_a=" << it->ldeg_a << ", ldeg_b=" << it->ldeg_b << ", max_deg=" << it->max_deg << ", max_lcnops=" << it->max_lcnops << endl;
- std::clog << " lcoeff_a=" << a.lcoeff(*(it->sym)) << ", lcoeff_b=" << b.lcoeff(*(it->sym)) << endl;
+ std::clog << " " << it->sym << ": deg_a=" << it->deg_a << ", deg_b=" << it->deg_b << ", ldeg_a=" << it->ldeg_a << ", ldeg_b=" << it->ldeg_b << ", max_deg=" << it->max_deg << ", max_lcnops=" << it->max_lcnops << endl;
+ std::clog << " lcoeff_a=" << a.lcoeff(it->sym) << ", lcoeff_b=" << b.lcoeff(it->sym) << endl;
++it;
}
#endif
* @param check_args check whether a and b are polynomials with rational
* coefficients (defaults to "true")
* @return quotient of a and b in Q[x] */
-ex quo(const ex &a, const ex &b, const symbol &x, bool check_args)
+ex quo(const ex &a, const ex &b, const ex &x, bool check_args)
{
if (b.is_zero())
throw(std::overflow_error("quo: division by zero"));
* @param check_args check whether a and b are polynomials with rational
* coefficients (defaults to "true")
* @return remainder of a(x) and b(x) in Q[x] */
-ex rem(const ex &a, const ex &b, const symbol &x, bool check_args)
+ex rem(const ex &a, const ex &b, const ex &x, bool check_args)
{
if (b.is_zero())
throw(std::overflow_error("rem: division by zero"));
* @param a rational function in x
* @param x a is a function of x
* @return decomposed function. */
-ex decomp_rational(const ex &a, const symbol &x)
+ex decomp_rational(const ex &a, const ex &x)
{
ex nd = numer_denom(a);
ex numer = nd.op(0), denom = nd.op(1);
* @param check_args check whether a and b are polynomials with rational
* coefficients (defaults to "true")
* @return pseudo-remainder of a(x) and b(x) in Q[x] */
-ex prem(const ex &a, const ex &b, const symbol &x, bool check_args)
+ex prem(const ex &a, const ex &b, const ex &x, bool check_args)
{
if (b.is_zero())
throw(std::overflow_error("prem: division by zero"));
* @param check_args check whether a and b are polynomials with rational
* coefficients (defaults to "true")
* @return sparse pseudo-remainder of a(x) and b(x) in Q[x] */
-ex sprem(const ex &a, const ex &b, const symbol &x, bool check_args)
+ex sprem(const ex &a, const ex &b, const ex &x, bool check_args)
{
if (b.is_zero())
throw(std::overflow_error("prem: division by zero"));
throw(std::invalid_argument("divide: arguments must be polynomials over the rationals"));
// Find first symbol
- const symbol *x;
+ ex x;
if (!get_first_symbol(a, x) && !get_first_symbol(b, x))
throw(std::invalid_argument("invalid expression in divide()"));
q = _ex0;
return true;
}
- int bdeg = b.degree(*x);
- int rdeg = r.degree(*x);
- ex blcoeff = b.expand().coeff(*x, bdeg);
+ int bdeg = b.degree(x);
+ int rdeg = r.degree(x);
+ ex blcoeff = b.expand().coeff(x, bdeg);
bool blcoeff_is_numeric = is_exactly_a<numeric>(blcoeff);
exvector v; v.reserve(std::max(rdeg - bdeg + 1, 0));
while (rdeg >= bdeg) {
- ex term, rcoeff = r.coeff(*x, rdeg);
+ ex term, rcoeff = r.coeff(x, rdeg);
if (blcoeff_is_numeric)
term = rcoeff / blcoeff;
else
if (!divide(rcoeff, blcoeff, term, false))
return false;
- term *= power(*x, rdeg - bdeg);
+ term *= power(x, rdeg - bdeg);
v.push_back(term);
r -= (term * b).expand();
if (r.is_zero()) {
q = (new add(v))->setflag(status_flags::dynallocated);
return true;
}
- rdeg = r.degree(*x);
+ rdeg = r.degree(x);
}
return false;
}
/** Exact polynomial division of a(X) by b(X) in Z[X].
* This functions works like divide() but the input and output polynomials are
* in Z[X] instead of Q[X] (i.e. they have integer coefficients). Unlike
- * divide(), it doesnยดt check whether the input polynomials really are integer
+ * divide(), it doesn't check whether the input polynomials really are integer
* polynomials, so be careful of what you pass in. Also, you have to run
* get_symbol_stats() over the input polynomials before calling this function
* and pass an iterator to the first element of the sym_desc vector. This
#endif
// Main symbol
- const symbol *x = var->sym;
+ const ex &x = var->sym;
// Compare degrees
- int adeg = a.degree(*x), bdeg = b.degree(*x);
+ int adeg = a.degree(x), bdeg = b.degree(x);
if (bdeg > adeg)
return false;
numeric point = _num0;
ex c;
for (i=0; i<=adeg; i++) {
- ex bs = b.subs(*x == point, subs_options::no_pattern);
+ ex bs = b.subs(x == point, subs_options::no_pattern);
while (bs.is_zero()) {
point += _num1;
- bs = b.subs(*x == point, subs_options::no_pattern);
+ bs = b.subs(x == point, subs_options::no_pattern);
}
- if (!divide_in_z(a.subs(*x == point, subs_options::no_pattern), bs, c, var+1))
+ if (!divide_in_z(a.subs(x == point, subs_options::no_pattern), bs, c, var+1))
return false;
alpha.push_back(point);
u.push_back(c);
// Convert from Newton form to standard form
c = v[adeg];
for (k=adeg-1; k>=0; k--)
- c = c * (*x - alpha[k]) + v[k];
+ c = c * (x - alpha[k]) + v[k];
- if (c.degree(*x) == (adeg - bdeg)) {
+ if (c.degree(x) == (adeg - bdeg)) {
q = c.expand();
return true;
} else
return true;
int rdeg = adeg;
ex eb = b.expand();
- ex blcoeff = eb.coeff(*x, bdeg);
+ ex blcoeff = eb.coeff(x, bdeg);
exvector v; v.reserve(std::max(rdeg - bdeg + 1, 0));
while (rdeg >= bdeg) {
- ex term, rcoeff = r.coeff(*x, rdeg);
+ ex term, rcoeff = r.coeff(x, rdeg);
if (!divide_in_z(rcoeff, blcoeff, term, var+1))
break;
- term = (term * power(*x, rdeg - bdeg)).expand();
+ term = (term * power(x, rdeg - bdeg)).expand();
v.push_back(term);
r -= (term * eb).expand();
if (r.is_zero()) {
#endif
return true;
}
- rdeg = r.degree(*x);
+ rdeg = r.degree(x);
}
#if USE_REMEMBER
dr_remember[ex2(a, b)] = exbool(q, false);
* @param x variable in which to compute the unit part
* @return unit part
* @see ex::content, ex::primpart */
-ex ex::unit(const symbol &x) const
+ex ex::unit(const ex &x) const
{
ex c = expand().lcoeff(x);
if (is_exactly_a<numeric>(c))
return c < _ex0 ? _ex_1 : _ex1;
else {
- const symbol *y;
+ ex y;
if (get_first_symbol(c, y))
- return c.unit(*y);
+ return c.unit(y);
else
throw(std::invalid_argument("invalid expression in unit()"));
}
* @param x variable in which to compute the content part
* @return content part
* @see ex::unit, ex::primpart */
-ex ex::content(const symbol &x) const
+ex ex::content(const ex &x) const
{
if (is_zero())
return _ex0;
* @param x variable in which to compute the primitive part
* @return primitive part
* @see ex::unit, ex::content */
-ex ex::primpart(const symbol &x) const
+ex ex::primpart(const ex &x) const
{
if (is_zero())
return _ex0;
* @param x variable in which to compute the primitive part
* @param c previously computed content part
* @return primitive part */
-ex ex::primpart(const symbol &x, const ex &c) const
+ex ex::primpart(const ex &x, const ex &c) const
{
if (is_zero())
return _ex0;
#endif
// The first symbol is our main variable
- const symbol &x = *(var->sym);
+ const ex &x = var->sym;
// Sort c and d so that c has higher degree
ex c, d;
/** xi-adic polynomial interpolation */
-static ex interpolate(const ex &gamma, const numeric &xi, const symbol &x, int degree_hint = 1)
+static ex interpolate(const ex &gamma, const numeric &xi, const ex &x, int degree_hint = 1)
{
exvector g; g.reserve(degree_hint);
ex e = gamma;
}
// The first symbol is our main variable
- const symbol &x = *(var->sym);
+ const ex &x = var->sym;
// Remove integer content
numeric gc = gcd(a.integer_content(), b.integer_content());
// The symbol with least degree is our main variable
sym_desc_vec::const_iterator var = sym_stats.begin();
- const symbol &x = *(var->sym);
+ const ex &x = var->sym;
// Cancel trivial common factor
int ldeg_a = var->ldeg_a;
get_symbol_stats(a, _ex0, sdv);
sym_desc_vec::const_iterator it = sdv.begin(), itend = sdv.end();
while (it != itend) {
- args.append(*it->sym);
+ args.append(it->sym);
++it;
}
} else {
const ex tmp = multiply_lcm(a,lcm);
// find the factors
- exvector factors = sqrfree_yun(tmp,x);
+ exvector factors = sqrfree_yun(tmp, x);
// construct the next list of symbols with the first element popped
lst newargs = args;
* assigned symbol). The symbol and expression are appended to repl, for
* a later application of subs().
* @see ex::normal */
-static ex replace_with_symbol(const ex & e, exmap & repl)
+static ex replace_with_symbol(const ex & e, exmap & repl, exmap & rev_lookup)
{
- // Expression already in repl? Then return the assigned symbol
- for (exmap::const_iterator it = repl.begin(); it != repl.end(); ++it)
- if (it->second.is_equal(e))
- return it->first;
+ // Expression already replaced? Then return the assigned symbol
+ exmap::const_iterator it = rev_lookup.find(e);
+ if (it != rev_lookup.end())
+ return it->second;
// Otherwise create new symbol and add to list, taking care that the
// replacement expression doesn't itself contain symbols from repl,
// because subs() is not recursive
ex es = (new symbol)->setflag(status_flags::dynallocated);
ex e_replaced = e.subs(repl, subs_options::no_pattern);
- repl[es] = e_replaced;
+ repl.insert(std::make_pair(es, e_replaced));
+ rev_lookup.insert(std::make_pair(e_replaced, es));
return es;
}
/** Default implementation of ex::normal(). It normalizes the children and
* replaces the object with a temporary symbol.
* @see ex::normal */
-ex basic::normal(exmap & repl, int level) const
+ex basic::normal(exmap & repl, exmap & rev_lookup, int level) const
{
if (nops() == 0)
- return (new lst(replace_with_symbol(*this, repl), _ex1))->setflag(status_flags::dynallocated);
+ return (new lst(replace_with_symbol(*this, repl, rev_lookup), _ex1))->setflag(status_flags::dynallocated);
else {
if (level == 1)
- return (new lst(replace_with_symbol(*this, repl), _ex1))->setflag(status_flags::dynallocated);
+ return (new lst(replace_with_symbol(*this, repl, rev_lookup), _ex1))->setflag(status_flags::dynallocated);
else if (level == -max_recursion_level)
throw(std::runtime_error("max recursion level reached"));
else {
normal_map_function map_normal(level - 1);
- return (new lst(replace_with_symbol(map(map_normal), repl), _ex1))->setflag(status_flags::dynallocated);
+ return (new lst(replace_with_symbol(map(map_normal), repl, rev_lookup), _ex1))->setflag(status_flags::dynallocated);
}
}
}
/** Implementation of ex::normal() for symbols. This returns the unmodified symbol.
* @see ex::normal */
-ex symbol::normal(exmap & repl, int level) const
+ex symbol::normal(exmap & repl, exmap & rev_lookup, int level) const
{
return (new lst(*this, _ex1))->setflag(status_flags::dynallocated);
}
* into re+I*im and replaces I and non-rational real numbers with a temporary
* symbol.
* @see ex::normal */
-ex numeric::normal(exmap & repl, int level) const
+ex numeric::normal(exmap & repl, exmap & rev_lookup, int level) const
{
numeric num = numer();
ex numex = num;
if (num.is_real()) {
if (!num.is_integer())
- numex = replace_with_symbol(numex, repl);
+ numex = replace_with_symbol(numex, repl, rev_lookup);
} else { // complex
numeric re = num.real(), im = num.imag();
- ex re_ex = re.is_rational() ? re : replace_with_symbol(re, repl);
- ex im_ex = im.is_rational() ? im : replace_with_symbol(im, repl);
- numex = re_ex + im_ex * replace_with_symbol(I, repl);
+ ex re_ex = re.is_rational() ? re : replace_with_symbol(re, repl, rev_lookup);
+ ex im_ex = im.is_rational() ? im : replace_with_symbol(im, repl, rev_lookup);
+ numex = re_ex + im_ex * replace_with_symbol(I, repl, rev_lookup);
}
// Denominator is always a real integer (see numeric::denom())
den *= _ex_1;
}
} else {
- const symbol *x;
+ ex x;
if (get_first_symbol(den, x)) {
- GINAC_ASSERT(is_exactly_a<numeric>(den.unit(*x)));
- if (ex_to<numeric>(den.unit(*x)).is_negative()) {
+ GINAC_ASSERT(is_exactly_a<numeric>(den.unit(x)));
+ if (ex_to<numeric>(den.unit(x)).is_negative()) {
num *= _ex_1;
den *= _ex_1;
}
/** Implementation of ex::normal() for a sum. It expands terms and performs
* fractional addition.
* @see ex::normal */
-ex add::normal(exmap & repl, int level) const
+ex add::normal(exmap & repl, exmap & rev_lookup, int level) const
{
if (level == 1)
- return (new lst(replace_with_symbol(*this, repl), _ex1))->setflag(status_flags::dynallocated);
+ return (new lst(replace_with_symbol(*this, repl, rev_lookup), _ex1))->setflag(status_flags::dynallocated);
else if (level == -max_recursion_level)
throw(std::runtime_error("max recursion level reached"));
dens.reserve(seq.size()+1);
epvector::const_iterator it = seq.begin(), itend = seq.end();
while (it != itend) {
- ex n = ex_to<basic>(recombine_pair_to_ex(*it)).normal(repl, level-1);
+ ex n = ex_to<basic>(recombine_pair_to_ex(*it)).normal(repl, rev_lookup, level-1);
nums.push_back(n.op(0));
dens.push_back(n.op(1));
it++;
}
- ex n = ex_to<numeric>(overall_coeff).normal(repl, level-1);
+ ex n = ex_to<numeric>(overall_coeff).normal(repl, rev_lookup, level-1);
nums.push_back(n.op(0));
dens.push_back(n.op(1));
GINAC_ASSERT(nums.size() == dens.size());
/** Implementation of ex::normal() for a product. It cancels common factors
* from fractions.
* @see ex::normal() */
-ex mul::normal(exmap & repl, int level) const
+ex mul::normal(exmap & repl, exmap & rev_lookup, int level) const
{
if (level == 1)
- return (new lst(replace_with_symbol(*this, repl), _ex1))->setflag(status_flags::dynallocated);
+ return (new lst(replace_with_symbol(*this, repl, rev_lookup), _ex1))->setflag(status_flags::dynallocated);
else if (level == -max_recursion_level)
throw(std::runtime_error("max recursion level reached"));
ex n;
epvector::const_iterator it = seq.begin(), itend = seq.end();
while (it != itend) {
- n = ex_to<basic>(recombine_pair_to_ex(*it)).normal(repl, level-1);
+ n = ex_to<basic>(recombine_pair_to_ex(*it)).normal(repl, rev_lookup, level-1);
num.push_back(n.op(0));
den.push_back(n.op(1));
it++;
}
- n = ex_to<numeric>(overall_coeff).normal(repl, level-1);
+ n = ex_to<numeric>(overall_coeff).normal(repl, rev_lookup, level-1);
num.push_back(n.op(0));
den.push_back(n.op(1));
}
-/** Implementation of ex::normal() for powers. It normalizes the basis,
+/** Implementation of ex::normal([B) for powers. It normalizes the basis,
* distributes integer exponents to numerator and denominator, and replaces
* non-integer powers by temporary symbols.
* @see ex::normal */
-ex power::normal(exmap & repl, int level) const
+ex power::normal(exmap & repl, exmap & rev_lookup, int level) const
{
if (level == 1)
- return (new lst(replace_with_symbol(*this, repl), _ex1))->setflag(status_flags::dynallocated);
+ return (new lst(replace_with_symbol(*this, repl, rev_lookup), _ex1))->setflag(status_flags::dynallocated);
else if (level == -max_recursion_level)
throw(std::runtime_error("max recursion level reached"));
// Normalize basis and exponent (exponent gets reassembled)
- ex n_basis = ex_to<basic>(basis).normal(repl, level-1);
- ex n_exponent = ex_to<basic>(exponent).normal(repl, level-1);
+ ex n_basis = ex_to<basic>(basis).normal(repl, rev_lookup, level-1);
+ ex n_exponent = ex_to<basic>(exponent).normal(repl, rev_lookup, level-1);
n_exponent = n_exponent.op(0) / n_exponent.op(1);
if (n_exponent.info(info_flags::integer)) {
if (n_exponent.info(info_flags::positive)) {
// (a/b)^x -> {sym((a/b)^x), 1}
- return (new lst(replace_with_symbol(power(n_basis.op(0) / n_basis.op(1), n_exponent), repl), _ex1))->setflag(status_flags::dynallocated);
+ return (new lst(replace_with_symbol(power(n_basis.op(0) / n_basis.op(1), n_exponent), repl, rev_lookup), _ex1))->setflag(status_flags::dynallocated);
} else if (n_exponent.info(info_flags::negative)) {
if (n_basis.op(1).is_equal(_ex1)) {
// a^-x -> {1, sym(a^x)}
- return (new lst(_ex1, replace_with_symbol(power(n_basis.op(0), -n_exponent), repl)))->setflag(status_flags::dynallocated);
+ return (new lst(_ex1, replace_with_symbol(power(n_basis.op(0), -n_exponent), repl, rev_lookup)))->setflag(status_flags::dynallocated);
} else {
// (a/b)^-x -> {sym((b/a)^x), 1}
- return (new lst(replace_with_symbol(power(n_basis.op(1) / n_basis.op(0), -n_exponent), repl), _ex1))->setflag(status_flags::dynallocated);
+ return (new lst(replace_with_symbol(power(n_basis.op(1) / n_basis.op(0), -n_exponent), repl, rev_lookup), _ex1))->setflag(status_flags::dynallocated);
}
}
}
// (a/b)^x -> {sym((a/b)^x, 1}
- return (new lst(replace_with_symbol(power(n_basis.op(0) / n_basis.op(1), n_exponent), repl), _ex1))->setflag(status_flags::dynallocated);
+ return (new lst(replace_with_symbol(power(n_basis.op(0) / n_basis.op(1), n_exponent), repl, rev_lookup), _ex1))->setflag(status_flags::dynallocated);
}
/** Implementation of ex::normal() for pseries. It normalizes each coefficient
* and replaces the series by a temporary symbol.
* @see ex::normal */
-ex pseries::normal(exmap & repl, int level) const
+ex pseries::normal(exmap & repl, exmap & rev_lookup, int level) const
{
epvector newseq;
epvector::const_iterator i = seq.begin(), end = seq.end();
++i;
}
ex n = pseries(relational(var,point), newseq);
- return (new lst(replace_with_symbol(n, repl), _ex1))->setflag(status_flags::dynallocated);
+ return (new lst(replace_with_symbol(n, repl, rev_lookup), _ex1))->setflag(status_flags::dynallocated);
}
* @return normalized expression */
ex ex::normal(int level) const
{
- exmap repl;
+ exmap repl, rev_lookup;
- ex e = bp->normal(repl, level);
+ ex e = bp->normal(repl, rev_lookup, level);
GINAC_ASSERT(is_a<lst>(e));
// Re-insert replaced symbols
* @return numerator */
ex ex::numer() const
{
- exmap repl;
+ exmap repl, rev_lookup;
- ex e = bp->normal(repl, 0);
+ ex e = bp->normal(repl, rev_lookup, 0);
GINAC_ASSERT(is_a<lst>(e));
// Re-insert replaced symbols
* @return denominator */
ex ex::denom() const
{
- exmap repl;
+ exmap repl, rev_lookup;
- ex e = bp->normal(repl, 0);
+ ex e = bp->normal(repl, rev_lookup, 0);
GINAC_ASSERT(is_a<lst>(e));
// Re-insert replaced symbols
* @return a list [numerator, denominator] */
ex ex::numer_denom() const
{
- exmap repl;
+ exmap repl, rev_lookup;
- ex e = bp->normal(repl, 0);
+ ex e = bp->normal(repl, rev_lookup, 0);
GINAC_ASSERT(is_a<lst>(e));
// Re-insert replaced symbols
git://www.ginac.de / ginac.git / blobdiff