* Implementation of GiNaC's products of expressions. */
/*
- * GiNaC Copyright (C) 1999-2003 Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany
+ * GiNaC Copyright (C) 1999-2004 Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany
*
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
namespace GiNaC {
-GINAC_IMPLEMENT_REGISTERED_CLASS(mul, expairseq)
+GINAC_IMPLEMENT_REGISTERED_CLASS_OPT(mul, expairseq,
+ print_func<print_context>(&mul::do_print).
+ print_func<print_latex>(&mul::do_print_latex).
+ print_func<print_csrc>(&mul::do_print_csrc).
+ print_func<print_tree>(&mul::do_print_tree).
+ print_func<print_python_repr>(&mul::do_print_python_repr))
+
//////////
// default constructor
GINAC_ASSERT(is_canonical());
}
-mul::mul(epvector * vp, const ex & oc)
+mul::mul(std::auto_ptr<epvector> vp, const ex & oc)
{
tinfo_key = TINFO_mul;
- GINAC_ASSERT(vp!=0);
+ GINAC_ASSERT(vp.get()!=0);
overall_coeff = oc;
construct_from_epvector(*vp);
- delete vp;
GINAC_ASSERT(is_canonical());
}
// functions overriding virtual functions from base classes
//////////
-// public
-void mul::print(const print_context & c, unsigned level) const
+void mul::print_overall_coeff(const print_context & c, const char *mul_sym) const
{
- if (is_a<print_tree>(c)) {
+ const numeric &coeff = ex_to<numeric>(overall_coeff);
+ if (coeff.csgn() == -1)
+ c.s << '-';
+ if (!coeff.is_equal(_num1) &&
+ !coeff.is_equal(_num_1)) {
+ if (coeff.is_rational()) {
+ if (coeff.is_negative())
+ (-coeff).print(c);
+ else
+ coeff.print(c);
+ } else {
+ if (coeff.csgn() == -1)
+ (-coeff).print(c, precedence());
+ else
+ coeff.print(c, precedence());
+ }
+ c.s << mul_sym;
+ }
+}
- inherited::print(c, level);
+void mul::do_print(const print_context & c, unsigned level) const
+{
+ if (precedence() <= level)
+ c.s << '(';
- } else if (is_a<print_csrc>(c)) {
+ print_overall_coeff(c, "*");
- if (precedence() <= level)
- c.s << "(";
+ epvector::const_iterator it = seq.begin(), itend = seq.end();
+ bool first = true;
+ while (it != itend) {
+ if (!first)
+ c.s << '*';
+ else
+ first = false;
+ recombine_pair_to_ex(*it).print(c, precedence());
+ ++it;
+ }
- if (!overall_coeff.is_equal(_ex1)) {
- overall_coeff.print(c, precedence());
- c.s << "*";
- }
+ if (precedence() <= level)
+ c.s << ')';
+}
- // Print arguments, separated by "*" or "/"
- epvector::const_iterator it = seq.begin(), itend = seq.end();
- while (it != itend) {
-
- // If the first argument is a negative integer power, it gets printed as "1.0/<expr>"
- bool needclosingparenthesis = false;
- if (it == seq.begin() && it->coeff.info(info_flags::negint)) {
- if (is_a<print_csrc_cl_N>(c)) {
- c.s << "recip(";
- needclosingparenthesis = true;
- } else
- c.s << "1.0/";
- }
+void mul::do_print_latex(const print_latex & c, unsigned level) const
+{
+ if (precedence() <= level)
+ c.s << "{(";
- // If the exponent is 1 or -1, it is left out
- if (it->coeff.is_equal(_ex1) || it->coeff.is_equal(_ex_1))
- it->rest.print(c, precedence());
- else if (it->coeff.info(info_flags::negint))
- // Outer parens around ex needed for broken GCC parser:
- (ex(power(it->rest, -ex_to<numeric>(it->coeff)))).print(c, level);
- else
- // Outer parens around ex needed for broken GCC parser:
- (ex(power(it->rest, ex_to<numeric>(it->coeff)))).print(c, level);
-
- if (needclosingparenthesis)
- c.s << ")";
-
- // Separator is "/" for negative integer powers, "*" otherwise
- ++it;
- if (it != itend) {
- if (it->coeff.info(info_flags::negint))
- c.s << "/";
- else
- c.s << "*";
- }
- }
+ print_overall_coeff(c, " ");
- if (precedence() <= level)
- c.s << ")";
+ // Separate factors into those with negative numeric exponent
+ // and all others
+ epvector::const_iterator it = seq.begin(), itend = seq.end();
+ exvector neg_powers, others;
+ while (it != itend) {
+ GINAC_ASSERT(is_exactly_a<numeric>(it->coeff));
+ if (ex_to<numeric>(it->coeff).is_negative())
+ neg_powers.push_back(recombine_pair_to_ex(expair(it->rest, -(it->coeff))));
+ else
+ others.push_back(recombine_pair_to_ex(*it));
+ ++it;
+ }
- } else if (is_a<print_python_repr>(c)) {
- c.s << class_name() << '(';
- op(0).print(c);
- for (size_t i=1; i<nops(); ++i) {
- c.s << ',';
- op(i).print(c);
- }
- c.s << ')';
- } else {
+ if (!neg_powers.empty()) {
- if (precedence() <= level) {
- if (is_a<print_latex>(c))
- c.s << "{(";
- else
- c.s << "(";
- }
+ // Factors with negative exponent are printed as a fraction
+ c.s << "\\frac{";
+ mul(others).eval().print(c);
+ c.s << "}{";
+ mul(neg_powers).eval().print(c);
+ c.s << "}";
- // First print the overall numeric coefficient
- const numeric &coeff = ex_to<numeric>(overall_coeff);
- if (coeff.csgn() == -1)
- c.s << '-';
- if (!coeff.is_equal(_num1) &&
- !coeff.is_equal(_num_1)) {
- if (coeff.is_rational()) {
- if (coeff.is_negative())
- (-coeff).print(c);
- else
- coeff.print(c);
- } else {
- if (coeff.csgn() == -1)
- (-coeff).print(c, precedence());
- else
- coeff.print(c, precedence());
- }
- if (is_a<print_latex>(c))
- c.s << ' ';
- else
- c.s << '*';
- }
+ } else {
- // Then proceed with the remaining factors
- epvector::const_iterator it = seq.begin(), itend = seq.end();
- if (is_a<print_latex>(c)) {
-
- // Separate factors into those with negative numeric exponent
- // and all others
- exvector neg_powers, others;
- while (it != itend) {
- GINAC_ASSERT(is_exactly_a<numeric>(it->coeff));
- if (ex_to<numeric>(it->coeff).is_negative())
- neg_powers.push_back(recombine_pair_to_ex(expair(it->rest, -(it->coeff))));
- else
- others.push_back(recombine_pair_to_ex(*it));
- ++it;
- }
+ // All other factors are printed in the ordinary way
+ exvector::const_iterator vit = others.begin(), vitend = others.end();
+ while (vit != vitend) {
+ c.s << ' ';
+ vit->print(c, precedence());
+ ++vit;
+ }
+ }
- if (!neg_powers.empty()) {
+ if (precedence() <= level)
+ c.s << ")}";
+}
- // Factors with negative exponent are printed as a fraction
- c.s << "\\frac{";
- mul(others).eval().print(c);
- c.s << "}{";
- mul(neg_powers).eval().print(c);
- c.s << "}";
+void mul::do_print_csrc(const print_csrc & c, unsigned level) const
+{
+ if (precedence() <= level)
+ c.s << "(";
- } else {
+ if (!overall_coeff.is_equal(_ex1)) {
+ overall_coeff.print(c, precedence());
+ c.s << "*";
+ }
- // All other factors are printed in the ordinary way
- exvector::const_iterator vit = others.begin(), vitend = others.end();
- while (vit != vitend) {
- c.s << ' ';
- vit->print(c, precedence());
- ++vit;
- }
- }
+ // Print arguments, separated by "*" or "/"
+ epvector::const_iterator it = seq.begin(), itend = seq.end();
+ while (it != itend) {
+
+ // If the first argument is a negative integer power, it gets printed as "1.0/<expr>"
+ bool needclosingparenthesis = false;
+ if (it == seq.begin() && it->coeff.info(info_flags::negint)) {
+ if (is_a<print_csrc_cl_N>(c)) {
+ c.s << "recip(";
+ needclosingparenthesis = true;
+ } else
+ c.s << "1.0/";
+ }
- } else {
+ // If the exponent is 1 or -1, it is left out
+ if (it->coeff.is_equal(_ex1) || it->coeff.is_equal(_ex_1))
+ it->rest.print(c, precedence());
+ else if (it->coeff.info(info_flags::negint))
+ // Outer parens around ex needed for broken GCC parser:
+ (ex(power(it->rest, -ex_to<numeric>(it->coeff)))).print(c, level);
+ else
+ // Outer parens around ex needed for broken GCC parser:
+ (ex(power(it->rest, ex_to<numeric>(it->coeff)))).print(c, level);
- bool first = true;
- while (it != itend) {
- if (!first)
- c.s << '*';
- else
- first = false;
- recombine_pair_to_ex(*it).print(c, precedence());
- ++it;
- }
- }
+ if (needclosingparenthesis)
+ c.s << ")";
- if (precedence() <= level) {
- if (is_a<print_latex>(c))
- c.s << ")}";
+ // Separator is "/" for negative integer powers, "*" otherwise
+ ++it;
+ if (it != itend) {
+ if (it->coeff.info(info_flags::negint))
+ c.s << "/";
else
- c.s << ")";
+ c.s << "*";
}
}
+
+ if (precedence() <= level)
+ c.s << ")";
+}
+
+void mul::do_print_python_repr(const print_python_repr & c, unsigned level) const
+{
+ c.s << class_name() << '(';
+ op(0).print(c);
+ for (size_t i=1; i<nops(); ++i) {
+ c.s << ',';
+ op(i).print(c);
+ }
+ c.s << ')';
}
bool mul::info(unsigned inf) const
* @param level cut-off in recursive evaluation */
ex mul::eval(int level) const
{
- epvector *evaled_seqp = evalchildren(level);
- if (evaled_seqp) {
+ std::auto_ptr<epvector> evaled_seqp = evalchildren(level);
+ if (evaled_seqp.get()) {
// do more evaluation later
- return (new mul(evaled_seqp,overall_coeff))->
+ return (new mul(evaled_seqp, overall_coeff))->
setflag(status_flags::dynallocated);
}
ex_to<numeric>((*seq.begin()).coeff).is_equal(_num1)) {
// *(+(x,y,...);c) -> +(*(x,c),*(y,c),...) (c numeric(), no powers of +())
const add & addref = ex_to<add>((*seq.begin()).rest);
- epvector *distrseq = new epvector();
+ std::auto_ptr<epvector> distrseq(new epvector);
distrseq->reserve(addref.seq.size());
epvector::const_iterator i = addref.seq.begin(), end = addref.seq.end();
while (i != end) {
if (level==-max_recursion_level)
throw(std::runtime_error("max recursion level reached"));
- epvector *s = new epvector();
+ std::auto_ptr<epvector> s(new epvector);
s->reserve(seq.size());
--level;
// Evaluate children first, look whether there are any matrices at all
// (there can be either no matrices or one matrix; if there were more
// than one matrix, it would be a non-commutative product)
- epvector *s = new epvector;
+ std::auto_ptr<epvector> s(new epvector);
s->reserve(seq.size());
bool have_matrix = false;
subsresult[j] = op(j);
else {
foundfirstsubsedfactor = true;
- subsresult[j] = op(j) * power(it->second.subs(ex(repls), subs_options::subs_no_pattern) / it->first.subs(ex(repls), subs_options::subs_no_pattern), nummatches);
+ subsresult[j] = op(j) * power(it->second.subs(ex(repls), subs_options::no_pattern) / it->first.subs(ex(repls), subs_options::no_pattern), nummatches);
}
subsed[j] = true;
}
for (size_t j=0; j<this->nops(); j++) {
if (!subsed[j] && tryfactsubs(op(j), it->first, nummatches, repls)) {
subsed[j] = true;
- subsresult[j] = op(j) * power(it->second.subs(ex(repls), subs_options::subs_no_pattern) / it->first.subs(ex(repls), subs_options::subs_no_pattern), nummatches);
+ subsresult[j] = op(j) * power(it->second.subs(ex(repls), subs_options::no_pattern) / it->first.subs(ex(repls), subs_options::no_pattern), nummatches);
}
}
}
}
}
if (!subsfound)
- return subs_one_level(m, options | subs_options::subs_algebraic);
+ return subs_one_level(m, options | subs_options::algebraic);
exvector ev; ev.reserve(nops());
for (size_t i=0; i<nops(); i++) {
return (new mul(v, oc))->setflag(status_flags::dynallocated);
}
-ex mul::thisexpairseq(epvector * vp, const ex & oc) const
+ex mul::thisexpairseq(std::auto_ptr<epvector> vp, const ex & oc) const
{
return (new mul(vp, oc))->setflag(status_flags::dynallocated);
}
return ex_to<numeric>(p.coeff).is_equal(_num1);
}
+bool mul::can_be_further_expanded(const ex & e)
+{
+ if (is_exactly_a<mul>(e)) {
+ for (epvector::const_iterator cit = ex_to<mul>(e).seq.begin(); cit != ex_to<mul>(e).seq.end(); ++cit) {
+ if (is_exactly_a<add>(cit->rest) && cit->coeff.info(info_flags::posint))
+ return true;
+ }
+ } else if (is_exactly_a<power>(e)) {
+ if (is_exactly_a<add>(e.op(0)) && e.op(1).info(info_flags::posint))
+ return true;
+ }
+ return false;
+}
+
ex mul::expand(unsigned options) const
{
// First, expand the children
- epvector * expanded_seqp = expandchildren(options);
- const epvector & expanded_seq = (expanded_seqp == NULL) ? seq : *expanded_seqp;
+ std::auto_ptr<epvector> expanded_seqp = expandchildren(options);
+ const epvector & expanded_seq = (expanded_seqp.get() ? *expanded_seqp : seq);
// Now, look for all the factors that are sums and multiply each one out
// with the next one that is found while collecting the factors which are
// not sums
- int number_of_adds = 0;
ex last_expanded = _ex1;
+ bool need_reexpand = false;
+
epvector non_adds;
non_adds.reserve(expanded_seq.size());
- epvector::const_iterator cit = expanded_seq.begin(), last = expanded_seq.end();
- while (cit != last) {
+
+ for (epvector::const_iterator cit = expanded_seq.begin(); cit != expanded_seq.end(); ++cit) {
if (is_exactly_a<add>(cit->rest) &&
(cit->coeff.is_equal(_ex1))) {
- ++number_of_adds;
if (is_exactly_a<add>(last_expanded)) {
// Expand a product of two sums, aggressive version.
const epvector::const_iterator add2end = add2.seq.end();
epvector distrseq;
distrseq.reserve(add1.seq.size()+add2.seq.size());
+
// Multiply add2 with the overall coefficient of add1 and append it to distrseq:
if (!add1.overall_coeff.is_zero()) {
if (add1.overall_coeff.is_equal(_ex1))
for (epvector::const_iterator i=add2begin; i!=add2end; ++i)
distrseq.push_back(expair(i->rest, ex_to<numeric>(i->coeff).mul_dyn(ex_to<numeric>(add1.overall_coeff))));
}
+
// Multiply add1 with the overall coefficient of add2 and append it to distrseq:
if (!add2.overall_coeff.is_zero()) {
if (add2.overall_coeff.is_equal(_ex1))
for (epvector::const_iterator i=add1begin; i!=add1end; ++i)
distrseq.push_back(expair(i->rest, ex_to<numeric>(i->coeff).mul_dyn(ex_to<numeric>(add2.overall_coeff))));
}
+
// Compute the new overall coefficient and put it together:
ex tmp_accu = (new add(distrseq, add1.overall_coeff*add2.overall_coeff))->setflag(status_flags::dynallocated);
+
// Multiply explicitly all non-numeric terms of add1 and add2:
for (epvector::const_iterator i1=add1begin; i1!=add1end; ++i1) {
// We really have to combine terms here in order to compactify
last_expanded = tmp_accu;
} else {
- non_adds.push_back(split_ex_to_pair(last_expanded));
+ if (!last_expanded.is_equal(_ex1))
+ non_adds.push_back(split_ex_to_pair(last_expanded));
last_expanded = cit->rest;
}
+
} else {
non_adds.push_back(*cit);
}
- ++cit;
}
- if (expanded_seqp)
- delete expanded_seqp;
-
+
// Now the only remaining thing to do is to multiply the factors which
// were not sums into the "last_expanded" sum
if (is_exactly_a<add>(last_expanded)) {
- const add & finaladd = ex_to<add>(last_expanded);
+ size_t n = last_expanded.nops();
exvector distrseq;
- size_t n = finaladd.nops();
distrseq.reserve(n);
+
for (size_t i=0; i<n; ++i) {
epvector factors = non_adds;
- factors.push_back(split_ex_to_pair(finaladd.op(i)));
- distrseq.push_back((new mul(factors, overall_coeff))->
- setflag(status_flags::dynallocated | (options == 0 ? status_flags::expanded : 0)));
+ factors.push_back(split_ex_to_pair(last_expanded.op(i)));
+ ex term = (new mul(factors, overall_coeff))->setflag(status_flags::dynallocated);
+ if (can_be_further_expanded(term))
+ distrseq.push_back(term.expand());
+ else {
+ if (options == 0)
+ ex_to<basic>(term).setflag(status_flags::expanded);
+ distrseq.push_back(term);
+ }
}
+
return ((new add(distrseq))->
setflag(status_flags::dynallocated | (options == 0 ? status_flags::expanded : 0)));
}
+
non_adds.push_back(split_ex_to_pair(last_expanded));
- return (new mul(non_adds, overall_coeff))->
- setflag(status_flags::dynallocated | (options == 0 ? status_flags::expanded : 0));
+ ex result = (new mul(non_adds, overall_coeff))->setflag(status_flags::dynallocated);
+ if (can_be_further_expanded(result)) {
+ return result.expand();
+ } else {
+ if (options == 0)
+ ex_to<basic>(result).setflag(status_flags::expanded);
+ return result;
+ }
}
* @see mul::expand()
* @return pointer to epvector containing expanded representation or zero
* pointer, if sequence is unchanged. */
-epvector * mul::expandchildren(unsigned options) const
+std::auto_ptr<epvector> mul::expandchildren(unsigned options) const
{
const epvector::const_iterator last = seq.end();
epvector::const_iterator cit = seq.begin();
if (!are_ex_trivially_equal(factor,expanded_factor)) {
// something changed, copy seq, eval and return it
- epvector *s = new epvector;
+ std::auto_ptr<epvector> s(new epvector);
s->reserve(seq.size());
// copy parts of seq which are known not to have changed
s->push_back(*cit2);
++cit2;
}
+
// copy first changed element
s->push_back(split_ex_to_pair(expanded_factor));
++cit2;
+
// copy rest
while (cit2!=last) {
s->push_back(split_ex_to_pair(recombine_pair_to_ex(*cit2).expand(options)));
++cit;
}
- return 0; // nothing has changed
+ return std::auto_ptr<epvector>(0); // nothing has changed
}
} // namespace GiNaC