]> www.ginac.de Git - ginac.git/blobdiff - ginac/inifcns_nstdsums.cpp
inifcns_nstdsums.cpp: S_num takes cl_N as an argument instead of numeric.
[ginac.git] / ginac / inifcns_nstdsums.cpp
index 6f72964e67c886412ebf6e29bd58b817dba331cc..bd61fd30e984e7941a48a0ffb1d888f018844ce4 100644 (file)
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@
  */
 
 /*
- *  GiNaC Copyright (C) 1999-2005 Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany
+ *  GiNaC Copyright (C) 1999-2008 Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany
  *
  *  This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
  *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@
  *
  *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  *  along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
- *  Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
+ *  Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA
  */
 
 #include <sstream>
@@ -320,7 +320,7 @@ cln::cl_N Lin_do_sum_Xn(int n, const cln::cl_N& x)
 
 
 // forward declaration needed by function Li_projection and C below
-numeric S_num(int n, int p, const numeric& x);
+const cln::cl_N S_num(int n, int p, const cln::cl_N& x);
 
 
 // helper function for classical polylog Li
@@ -371,7 +371,7 @@ cln::cl_N Li_projection(int n, const cln::cl_N& x, const cln::float_format_t& pr
                } else {
                        cln::cl_N result = -cln::expt(cln::log(x), n-1) * cln::log(1-x) / cln::factorial(n-1);
                        for (int j=0; j<n-1; j++) {
-                               result = result + (S_num(n-j-1, 1, 1).to_cl_N() - S_num(1, n-j-1, 1-x).to_cl_N())
+                               result = result + (S_num(n-j-1, 1, 1) - S_num(1, n-j-1, 1-x))
                                                  * cln::expt(cln::log(x), j) / cln::factorial(j);
                        }
                        return result;
@@ -402,7 +402,7 @@ numeric Lin_numeric(int n, const numeric& x)
                cln::cl_N x_ = ex_to<numeric>(x).to_cl_N();
                cln::cl_N result = -cln::expt(cln::log(x_), n-1) * cln::log(1-x_) / cln::factorial(n-1);
                for (int j=0; j<n-1; j++) {
-                       result = result + (S_num(n-j-1, 1, 1).to_cl_N() - S_num(1, n-j-1, 1-x_).to_cl_N())
+                       result = result + (S_num(n-j-1, 1, 1) - S_num(1, n-j-1, 1-x_))
                                * cln::expt(cln::log(x_), j) / cln::factorial(j);
                }
                return result;
@@ -471,7 +471,13 @@ namespace {
 // performs the actual series summation for multiple polylogarithms
 cln::cl_N multipleLi_do_sum(const std::vector<int>& s, const std::vector<cln::cl_N>& x)
 {
+       // ensure all x <> 0.
+       for (std::vector<cln::cl_N>::const_iterator it = x.begin(); it != x.end(); ++it) {
+               if ( *it == 0 ) return cln::cl_float(0, cln::float_format(Digits));
+       }
+
        const int j = s.size();
+       bool flag_accidental_zero = false;
 
        std::vector<cln::cl_N> t(j);
        cln::cl_F one = cln::cl_float(1, cln::float_format(Digits));
@@ -480,19 +486,18 @@ cln::cl_N multipleLi_do_sum(const std::vector<int>& s, const std::vector<cln::cl
        int q = 0;
        do {
                t0buf = t[0];
-               // do it once ...
                q++;
                t[j-1] = t[j-1] + cln::expt(x[j-1], q) / cln::expt(cln::cl_I(q),s[j-1]) * one;
                for (int k=j-2; k>=0; k--) {
                        t[k] = t[k] + t[k+1] * cln::expt(x[k], q+j-1-k) / cln::expt(cln::cl_I(q+j-1-k), s[k]);
                }
-               // ... and do it again (to avoid premature drop out due to special arguments)
                q++;
                t[j-1] = t[j-1] + cln::expt(x[j-1], q) / cln::expt(cln::cl_I(q),s[j-1]) * one;
                for (int k=j-2; k>=0; k--) {
+                       flag_accidental_zero = cln::zerop(t[k+1]);
                        t[k] = t[k] + t[k+1] * cln::expt(x[k], q+j-1-k) / cln::expt(cln::cl_I(q+j-1-k), s[k]);
                }
-       } while (t[0] != t0buf);
+       } while ( (t[0] != t0buf) || cln::zerop(t[0]) || flag_accidental_zero );
 
        return t[0];
 }
@@ -980,9 +985,8 @@ ex G_numeric(const lst& x, const lst& s, const ex& y)
        for (lst::const_iterator it = x.begin(); it != x.end(); ++it) {
                if (!(*it).is_zero()) {
                        ++depth;
-                       if (abs(*it) - y < -pow(10,-Digits+2)) {
+                       if (abs(*it) - y < -pow(10,-Digits+1)) {
                                need_trafo = true;
-                               break;
                        }
                        if (abs((abs(*it) - y)/y) < 0.01) {
                                need_hoelder = true;
@@ -992,10 +996,62 @@ ex G_numeric(const lst& x, const lst& s, const ex& y)
        if (x.op(x.nops()-1).is_zero()) {
                need_trafo = true;
        }
-       if (depth == 1 && !need_trafo) {
+       if (depth == 1 && x.nops() == 2 && !need_trafo) {
                return -Li(x.nops(), y / x.op(x.nops()-1)).evalf();
        }
        
+       // do acceleration transformation (hoelder convolution [BBB])
+       if (need_hoelder) {
+               
+               ex result;
+               const int size = x.nops();
+               lst newx;
+               for (lst::const_iterator it = x.begin(); it != x.end(); ++it) {
+                       newx.append(*it / y);
+               }
+               
+               for (int r=0; r<=size; ++r) {
+                       ex buffer = pow(-1, r);
+                       ex p = 2;
+                       bool adjustp;
+                       do {
+                               adjustp = false;
+                               for (lst::const_iterator it = newx.begin(); it != newx.end(); ++it) {
+                                       if (*it == 1/p) {
+                                               p += (3-p)/2; 
+                                               adjustp = true;
+                                               continue;
+                                       }
+                               }
+                       } while (adjustp);
+                       ex q = p / (p-1);
+                       lst qlstx;
+                       lst qlsts;
+                       for (int j=r; j>=1; --j) {
+                               qlstx.append(1-newx.op(j-1));
+                               if (newx.op(j-1).info(info_flags::real) && newx.op(j-1) > 1 && newx.op(j-1) <= 2) {
+                                       qlsts.append( s.op(j-1));
+                               } else {
+                                       qlsts.append( -s.op(j-1));
+                               }
+                       }
+                       if (qlstx.nops() > 0) {
+                               buffer *= G_numeric(qlstx, qlsts, 1/q);
+                       }
+                       lst plstx;
+                       lst plsts;
+                       for (int j=r+1; j<=size; ++j) {
+                               plstx.append(newx.op(j-1));
+                               plsts.append(s.op(j-1));
+                       }
+                       if (plstx.nops() > 0) {
+                               buffer *= G_numeric(plstx, plsts, 1/p);
+                       }
+                       result += buffer;
+               }
+               return result;
+       }
+       
        // convergence transformation
        if (need_trafo) {
 
@@ -1071,58 +1127,6 @@ ex G_numeric(const lst& x, const lst& s, const ex& y)
                return result;
        }
 
-       // do acceleration transformation (hoelder convolution [BBB])
-       if (need_hoelder) {
-               
-               ex result;
-               const int size = x.nops();
-               lst newx;
-               for (lst::const_iterator it = x.begin(); it != x.end(); ++it) {
-                       newx.append(*it / y);
-               }
-               
-               for (int r=0; r<=size; ++r) {
-                       ex buffer = pow(-1, r);
-                       ex p = 2;
-                       bool adjustp;
-                       do {
-                               adjustp = false;
-                               for (lst::const_iterator it = newx.begin(); it != newx.end(); ++it) {
-                                       if (*it == 1/p) {
-                                               p += (3-p)/2; 
-                                               adjustp = true;
-                                               continue;
-                                       }
-                               }
-                       } while (adjustp);
-                       ex q = p / (p-1);
-                       lst qlstx;
-                       lst qlsts;
-                       for (int j=r; j>=1; --j) {
-                               qlstx.append(1-newx.op(j-1));
-                               if (newx.op(j-1).info(info_flags::real) && newx.op(j-1) > 1 && newx.op(j-1) <= 2) {
-                                       qlsts.append( s.op(j-1));
-                               } else {
-                                       qlsts.append( -s.op(j-1));
-                               }
-                       }
-                       if (qlstx.nops() > 0) {
-                               buffer *= G_numeric(qlstx, qlsts, 1/q);
-                       }
-                       lst plstx;
-                       lst plsts;
-                       for (int j=r+1; j<=size; ++j) {
-                               plstx.append(newx.op(j-1));
-                               plsts.append(s.op(j-1));
-                       }
-                       if (plstx.nops() > 0) {
-                               buffer *= G_numeric(plstx, plsts, 1/p);
-                       }
-                       result += buffer;
-               }
-               return result;
-       }
-       
        // do summation
        lst newx;
        lst m;
@@ -1504,9 +1508,37 @@ static ex Li_eval(const ex& m_, const ex& x_)
 
 static ex Li_series(const ex& m, const ex& x, const relational& rel, int order, unsigned options)
 {
-       epvector seq;
-       seq.push_back(expair(Li(m, x), 0));
-       return pseries(rel, seq);
+       if (is_a<lst>(m) || is_a<lst>(x)) {
+               // multiple polylog
+               epvector seq;
+               seq.push_back(expair(Li(m, x), 0));
+               return pseries(rel, seq);
+       }
+       
+       // classical polylog
+       const ex x_pt = x.subs(rel, subs_options::no_pattern);
+       if (m.info(info_flags::numeric) && x_pt.info(info_flags::numeric)) {
+               // First special case: x==0 (derivatives have poles)
+               if (x_pt.is_zero()) {
+                       const symbol s;
+                       ex ser;
+                       // manually construct the primitive expansion
+                       for (int i=1; i<order; ++i)
+                               ser += pow(s,i) / pow(numeric(i), m);
+                       // substitute the argument's series expansion
+                       ser = ser.subs(s==x.series(rel, order), subs_options::no_pattern);
+                       // maybe that was terminating, so add a proper order term
+                       epvector nseq;
+                       nseq.push_back(expair(Order(_ex1), order));
+                       ser += pseries(rel, nseq);
+                       // reexpanding it will collapse the series again
+                       return ser.series(rel, order);
+               }
+               // TODO special cases: x==1 (branch point) and x real, >=1 (branch cut)
+               throw std::runtime_error("Li_series: don't know how to do the series expansion at this point!");
+       }
+       // all other cases should be safe, by now:
+       throw do_taylor();  // caught by function::series()
 }
 
 
@@ -1688,10 +1720,10 @@ cln::cl_N C(int n, int p)
                        if (k == 0) {
                                if (n & 1) {
                                        if (j & 1) {
-                                               result = result - 2 * cln::expt(cln::pi(),2*j) * S_num(n-2*j,p,1).to_cl_N() / cln::factorial(2*j);
+                                               result = result - 2 * cln::expt(cln::pi(),2*j) * S_num(n-2*j,p,1) / cln::factorial(2*j);
                                        }
                                        else {
-                                               result = result + 2 * cln::expt(cln::pi(),2*j) * S_num(n-2*j,p,1).to_cl_N() / cln::factorial(2*j);
+                                               result = result + 2 * cln::expt(cln::pi(),2*j) * S_num(n-2*j,p,1) / cln::factorial(2*j);
                                        }
                                }
                        }
@@ -1699,23 +1731,23 @@ cln::cl_N C(int n, int p)
                                if (k & 1) {
                                        if (j & 1) {
                                                result = result + cln::factorial(n+k-1)
-                                                                 * cln::expt(cln::pi(),2*j) * S_num(n+k-2*j,p-k,1).to_cl_N()
+                                                                 * cln::expt(cln::pi(),2*j) * S_num(n+k-2*j,p-k,1)
                                                                  / (cln::factorial(k) * cln::factorial(n-1) * cln::factorial(2*j));
                                        }
                                        else {
                                                result = result - cln::factorial(n+k-1)
-                                                                 * cln::expt(cln::pi(),2*j) * S_num(n+k-2*j,p-k,1).to_cl_N()
+                                                                 * cln::expt(cln::pi(),2*j) * S_num(n+k-2*j,p-k,1)
                                                                  / (cln::factorial(k) * cln::factorial(n-1) * cln::factorial(2*j));
                                        }
                                }
                                else {
                                        if (j & 1) {
-                                               result = result - cln::factorial(n+k-1) * cln::expt(cln::pi(),2*j) * S_num(n+k-2*j,p-k,1).to_cl_N()
+                                               result = result - cln::factorial(n+k-1) * cln::expt(cln::pi(),2*j) * S_num(n+k-2*j,p-k,1)
                                                                  / (cln::factorial(k) * cln::factorial(n-1) * cln::factorial(2*j));
                                        }
                                        else {
                                                result = result + cln::factorial(n+k-1)
-                                                                 * cln::expt(cln::pi(),2*j) * S_num(n+k-2*j,p-k,1).to_cl_N()
+                                                                 * cln::expt(cln::pi(),2*j) * S_num(n+k-2*j,p-k,1)
                                                                  / (cln::factorial(k) * cln::factorial(n-1) * cln::factorial(2*j));
                                        }
                                }
@@ -1777,10 +1809,20 @@ cln::cl_N b_k(int k)
 // helper function for S(n,p,x)
 cln::cl_N S_do_sum(int n, int p, const cln::cl_N& x, const cln::float_format_t& prec)
 {
+       static cln::float_format_t oldprec = cln::default_float_format;
+
        if (p==1) {
                return Li_projection(n+1, x, prec);
        }
-       
+
+       // precision has changed, we need to clear lookup table Yn
+       if ( oldprec != prec ) {
+               Yn.clear();
+               ynsize = 0;
+               ynlength = 100;
+               oldprec = prec;
+       }
+               
        // check if precalculated values are sufficient
        if (p > ynsize+1) {
                for (int i=ynsize; i<p-1; i++) {
@@ -1828,7 +1870,7 @@ cln::cl_N S_projection(int n, int p, const cln::cl_N& x, const cln::float_format
                                res2 = res2 + cln::expt(cln::cl_I(-1),r) * cln::expt(cln::log(1-x),r)
                                              * S_do_sum(p-r,n-s,1-x,prec) / cln::factorial(r);
                        }
-                       result = result + cln::expt(cln::log(x),s) * (S_num(n-s,p,1).to_cl_N() - res2) / cln::factorial(s);
+                       result = result + cln::expt(cln::log(x),s) * (S_num(n-s,p,1) - res2) / cln::factorial(s);
                }
 
                return result;
@@ -1839,7 +1881,7 @@ cln::cl_N S_projection(int n, int p, const cln::cl_N& x, const cln::float_format
 
 
 // helper function for S(n,p,x)
-numeric S_num(int n, int p, const numeric& x)
+const cln::cl_N S_num(int n, int p, const cln::cl_N& x)
 {
        if (x == 1) {
                if (n == 1) {
@@ -1875,15 +1917,15 @@ numeric S_num(int n, int p, const numeric& x)
        // what is the desired float format?
        // first guess: default format
        cln::float_format_t prec = cln::default_float_format;
-       const cln::cl_N value = x.to_cl_N();
+       const cln::cl_N value = x;
        // second guess: the argument's format
-       if (!x.real().is_rational())
+       if (!instanceof(realpart(value), cln::cl_RA_ring))
                prec = cln::float_format(cln::the<cln::cl_F>(cln::realpart(value)));
-       else if (!x.imag().is_rational())
+       else if (!instanceof(imagpart(value), cln::cl_RA_ring))
                prec = cln::float_format(cln::the<cln::cl_F>(cln::imagpart(value)));
 
        // [Kol] (5.3)
-       if ((cln::realpart(value) < -0.5) || (n == 0)) {
+       if ((cln::realpart(value) < -0.5) || (n == 0) || ((cln::abs(value) <= 1) && (cln::abs(value) > 0.95))) {
 
                cln::cl_N result = cln::expt(cln::cl_I(-1),p) * cln::expt(cln::log(value),n)
                                   * cln::expt(cln::log(1-value),p) / cln::factorial(n) / cln::factorial(p);
@@ -1892,9 +1934,9 @@ numeric S_num(int n, int p, const numeric& x)
                        cln::cl_N res2;
                        for (int r=0; r<p; r++) {
                                res2 = res2 + cln::expt(cln::cl_I(-1),r) * cln::expt(cln::log(1-value),r)
-                                             * S_num(p-r,n-s,1-value).to_cl_N() / cln::factorial(r);
+                                             * S_num(p-r,n-s,1-value) / cln::factorial(r);
                        }
-                       result = result + cln::expt(cln::log(value),s) * (S_num(n-s,p,1).to_cl_N() - res2) / cln::factorial(s);
+                       result = result + cln::expt(cln::log(value),s) * (S_num(n-s,p,1) - res2) / cln::factorial(s);
                }
 
                return result;
@@ -1909,7 +1951,7 @@ numeric S_num(int n, int p, const numeric& x)
                        for (int r=0; r<=s; r++) {
                                result = result + cln::expt(cln::cl_I(-1),s) * cln::expt(cln::log(-value),r) * cln::factorial(n+s-r-1)
                                                  / cln::factorial(r) / cln::factorial(s-r) / cln::factorial(n-1)
-                                                 * S_num(n+s-r,p-s,cln::recip(value)).to_cl_N();
+                                                 * S_num(n+s-r,p-s,cln::recip(value));
                        }
                }
                result = result * cln::expt(cln::cl_I(-1),n);
@@ -1945,12 +1987,18 @@ numeric S_num(int n, int p, const numeric& x)
 static ex S_evalf(const ex& n, const ex& p, const ex& x)
 {
        if (n.info(info_flags::posint) && p.info(info_flags::posint)) {
+               const int n_ = ex_to<numeric>(n).to_int();
+               const int p_ = ex_to<numeric>(p).to_int();
                if (is_a<numeric>(x)) {
-                       return S_num(ex_to<numeric>(n).to_int(), ex_to<numeric>(p).to_int(), ex_to<numeric>(x));
+                       const cln::cl_N x_ = ex_to<numeric>(x).to_cl_N();
+                       const cln::cl_N result = S_num(n_, p_, x_);
+                       return numeric(result);
                } else {
                        ex x_val = x.evalf();
                        if (is_a<numeric>(x_val)) {
-                               return S_num(ex_to<numeric>(n).to_int(), ex_to<numeric>(p).to_int(), ex_to<numeric>(x_val));
+                               const cln::cl_N x_val_ = ex_to<numeric>(x_val).to_cl_N();
+                               const cln::cl_N result = S_num(n_, p_, x_val_);
+                               return numeric(result);
                        }
                }
        }
@@ -1975,7 +2023,11 @@ static ex S_eval(const ex& n, const ex& p, const ex& x)
                        return Li(n+1, x);
                }
                if (x.info(info_flags::numeric) && (!x.info(info_flags::crational))) {
-                       return S_num(ex_to<numeric>(n).to_int(), ex_to<numeric>(p).to_int(), ex_to<numeric>(x));
+                       int n_ = ex_to<numeric>(n).to_int();
+                       int p_ = ex_to<numeric>(p).to_int();
+                       const cln::cl_N x_ = ex_to<numeric>(x).to_cl_N();
+                       const cln::cl_N result = S_num(n_, p_, x_);
+                       return numeric(result);
                }
        }
        if (n.is_zero()) {
@@ -1988,9 +2040,48 @@ static ex S_eval(const ex& n, const ex& p, const ex& x)
 
 static ex S_series(const ex& n, const ex& p, const ex& x, const relational& rel, int order, unsigned options)
 {
-       epvector seq;
-       seq.push_back(expair(S(n, p, x), 0));
-       return pseries(rel, seq);
+       if (p == _ex1) {
+               return Li(n+1, x).series(rel, order, options);
+       }
+
+       const ex x_pt = x.subs(rel, subs_options::no_pattern);
+       if (n.info(info_flags::posint) && p.info(info_flags::posint) && x_pt.info(info_flags::numeric)) {
+               // First special case: x==0 (derivatives have poles)
+               if (x_pt.is_zero()) {
+                       const symbol s;
+                       ex ser;
+                       // manually construct the primitive expansion
+                       // subsum = Euler-Zagier-Sum is needed
+                       // dirty hack (slow ...) calculation of subsum:
+                       std::vector<ex> presubsum, subsum;
+                       subsum.push_back(0);
+                       for (int i=1; i<order-1; ++i) {
+                               subsum.push_back(subsum[i-1] + numeric(1, i));
+                       }
+                       for (int depth=2; depth<p; ++depth) {
+                               presubsum = subsum;
+                               for (int i=1; i<order-1; ++i) {
+                                       subsum[i] = subsum[i-1] + numeric(1, i) * presubsum[i-1];
+                               }
+                       }
+                               
+                       for (int i=1; i<order; ++i) {
+                               ser += pow(s,i) / pow(numeric(i), n+1) * subsum[i-1];
+                       }
+                       // substitute the argument's series expansion
+                       ser = ser.subs(s==x.series(rel, order), subs_options::no_pattern);
+                       // maybe that was terminating, so add a proper order term
+                       epvector nseq;
+                       nseq.push_back(expair(Order(_ex1), order));
+                       ser += pseries(rel, nseq);
+                       // reexpanding it will collapse the series again
+                       return ser.series(rel, order);
+               }
+               // TODO special cases: x==1 (branch point) and x real, >=1 (branch cut)
+               throw std::runtime_error("S_series: don't know how to do the series expansion at this point!");
+       }
+       // all other cases should be safe, by now:
+       throw do_taylor();  // caught by function::series()
 }
 
 
@@ -2414,6 +2505,37 @@ ex trafo_H_1tx_prepend_zero(const ex& e, const ex& arg)
 }
 
 
+// do integration [ReV] (49)
+// put parameter 1 in front of existing parameters
+ex trafo_H_prepend_one(const ex& e, const ex& arg)
+{
+       ex h;
+       std::string name;
+       if (is_a<function>(e)) {
+               name = ex_to<function>(e).get_name();
+       }
+       if (name == "H") {
+               h = e;
+       } else {
+               for (int i=0; i<e.nops(); i++) {
+                       if (is_a<function>(e.op(i))) {
+                               std::string name = ex_to<function>(e.op(i)).get_name();
+                               if (name == "H") {
+                                       h = e.op(i);
+                               }
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+       if (h != 0) {
+               lst newparameter = ex_to<lst>(h.op(0));
+               newparameter.prepend(1);
+               return e.subs(h == H(newparameter, h.op(1)).hold());
+       } else {
+               return e * H(lst(1),1-arg).hold();
+       }
+}
+
+
 // do integration [ReV] (55)
 // put parameter -1 in front of existing parameters
 ex trafo_H_1tx_prepend_minusone(const ex& e, const ex& arg)
@@ -2509,6 +2631,107 @@ ex trafo_H_1mxt1px_prepend_one(const ex& e, const ex& arg)
 }
 
 
+// do x -> 1-x transformation
+struct map_trafo_H_1mx : public map_function
+{
+       ex operator()(const ex& e)
+       {
+               if (is_a<add>(e) || is_a<mul>(e)) {
+                       return e.map(*this);
+               }
+               
+               if (is_a<function>(e)) {
+                       std::string name = ex_to<function>(e).get_name();
+                       if (name == "H") {
+
+                               lst parameter = ex_to<lst>(e.op(0));
+                               ex arg = e.op(1);
+
+                               // special cases if all parameters are either 0, 1 or -1
+                               bool allthesame = true;
+                               if (parameter.op(0) == 0) {
+                                       for (int i=1; i<parameter.nops(); i++) {
+                                               if (parameter.op(i) != 0) {
+                                                       allthesame = false;
+                                                       break;
+                                               }
+                                       }
+                                       if (allthesame) {
+                                               lst newparameter;
+                                               for (int i=parameter.nops(); i>0; i--) {
+                                                       newparameter.append(1);
+                                               }
+                                               return pow(-1, parameter.nops()) * H(newparameter, 1-arg).hold();
+                                       }
+                               } else if (parameter.op(0) == -1) {
+                                       throw std::runtime_error("map_trafo_H_1mx: cannot handle weights equal -1!");
+                               } else {
+                                       for (int i=1; i<parameter.nops(); i++) {
+                                               if (parameter.op(i) != 1) {
+                                                       allthesame = false;
+                                                       break;
+                                               }
+                                       }
+                                       if (allthesame) {
+                                               lst newparameter;
+                                               for (int i=parameter.nops(); i>0; i--) {
+                                                       newparameter.append(0);
+                                               }
+                                               return pow(-1, parameter.nops()) * H(newparameter, 1-arg).hold();
+                                       }
+                               }
+
+                               lst newparameter = parameter;
+                               newparameter.remove_first();
+
+                               if (parameter.op(0) == 0) {
+
+                                       // leading zero
+                                       ex res = convert_H_to_zeta(parameter);
+                                       //ex res = convert_from_RV(parameter, 1).subs(H(wild(1),wild(2))==zeta(wild(1)));
+                                       map_trafo_H_1mx recursion;
+                                       ex buffer = recursion(H(newparameter, arg).hold());
+                                       if (is_a<add>(buffer)) {
+                                               for (int i=0; i<buffer.nops(); i++) {
+                                                       res -= trafo_H_prepend_one(buffer.op(i), arg);
+                                               }
+                                       } else {
+                                               res -= trafo_H_prepend_one(buffer, arg);
+                                       }
+                                       return res;
+
+                               } else {
+
+                                       // leading one
+                                       map_trafo_H_1mx recursion;
+                                       map_trafo_H_mult unify;
+                                       ex res = H(lst(1), arg).hold() * H(newparameter, arg).hold();
+                                       int firstzero = 0;
+                                       while (parameter.op(firstzero) == 1) {
+                                               firstzero++;
+                                       }
+                                       for (int i=firstzero-1; i<parameter.nops()-1; i++) {
+                                               lst newparameter;
+                                               int j=0;
+                                               for (; j<=i; j++) {
+                                                       newparameter.append(parameter[j+1]);
+                                               }
+                                               newparameter.append(1);
+                                               for (; j<parameter.nops()-1; j++) {
+                                                       newparameter.append(parameter[j+1]);
+                                               }
+                                               res -= H(newparameter, arg).hold();
+                                       }
+                                       res = recursion(res).expand() / firstzero;
+                                       return unify(res);
+                               }
+                       }
+               }
+               return e;
+       }
+};
+
+
 // do x -> 1/x transformation
 struct map_trafo_H_1overx : public map_function
 {
@@ -2822,6 +3045,7 @@ static ex H_evalf(const ex& x1, const ex& x2)
                        return filter(H(x1, xtemp).hold()).subs(xtemp==x2).evalf();
                }
                // ... and expand parameter notation
+               bool has_minus_one = false;
                lst m;
                for (lst::const_iterator it = morg.begin(); it != morg.end(); it++) {
                        if (*it > 1) {
@@ -2829,19 +3053,18 @@ static ex H_evalf(const ex& x1, const ex& x2)
                                        m.append(0);
                                }
                                m.append(1);
-                       } else if (*it < -1) {
+                       } else if (*it <= -1) {
                                for (ex count=*it+1; count < 0; count++) {
                                        m.append(0);
                                }
                                m.append(-1);
+                               has_minus_one = true;
                        } else {
                                m.append(*it);
                        }
                }
 
-               // since the transformations produce a lot of terms, they are only efficient for
-               // argument near one.
-               // no transformation needed -> do summation
+               // do summation
                if (cln::abs(x) < 0.95) {
                        lst m_lst;
                        lst s_lst;
@@ -2871,6 +3094,7 @@ static ex H_evalf(const ex& x1, const ex& x2)
                        }
                }
 
+               symbol xtemp("xtemp");
                ex res = 1;     
                
                // ensure that the realpart of the argument is positive
@@ -2884,14 +3108,8 @@ static ex H_evalf(const ex& x1, const ex& x2)
                        }
                }
 
-               // choose transformations
-               symbol xtemp("xtemp");
-               if (cln::abs(x-1) < 1.4142) {
-                       // x -> (1-x)/(1+x)
-                       map_trafo_H_1mxt1px trafo;
-                       res *= trafo(H(m, xtemp));
-               } else {
-                       // x -> 1/x
+               // x -> 1/x
+               if (cln::abs(x) >= 2.0) {
                        map_trafo_H_1overx trafo;
                        res *= trafo(H(m, xtemp));
                        if (cln::imagpart(x) <= 0) {
@@ -2899,17 +3117,25 @@ static ex H_evalf(const ex& x1, const ex& x2)
                        } else {
                                res = res.subs(H_polesign == I*Pi);
                        }
+                       return res.subs(xtemp == numeric(x)).evalf();
+               }
+               
+               // check transformations for 0.95 <= |x| < 2.0
+               
+               // |(1-x)/(1+x)| < 0.9 -> circular area with center=9.53+0i and radius=9.47
+               if (cln::abs(x-9.53) <= 9.47) {
+                       // x -> (1-x)/(1+x)
+                       map_trafo_H_1mxt1px trafo;
+                       res *= trafo(H(m, xtemp));
+               } else {
+                       // x -> 1-x
+                       if (has_minus_one) {
+                               map_trafo_H_convert_to_Li filter;
+                               return filter(H(m, numeric(x)).hold()).evalf();
+                       }
+                       map_trafo_H_1mx trafo;
+                       res *= trafo(H(m, xtemp));
                }
-
-               // simplify result
-// TODO
-//             map_trafo_H_convert converter;
-//             res = converter(res).expand();
-//             lst ll;
-//             res.find(H(wild(1),wild(2)), ll);
-//             res.find(zeta(wild(1)), ll);
-//             res.find(zeta(wild(1),wild(2)), ll);
-//             res = res.collect(ll);
 
                return res.subs(xtemp == numeric(x)).evalf();
        }
@@ -3537,18 +3763,18 @@ static ex zeta1_eval(const ex& m)
                        if (y.is_zero()) {
                                return _ex_1_2;
                        }
-                       if (y.is_equal(_num1)) {
+                       if (y.is_equal(*_num1_p)) {
                                return zeta(m).hold();
                        }
                        if (y.info(info_flags::posint)) {
                                if (y.info(info_flags::odd)) {
                                        return zeta(m).hold();
                                } else {
-                                       return abs(bernoulli(y)) * pow(Pi, y) * pow(_num2, y-_num1) / factorial(y);
+                                       return abs(bernoulli(y)) * pow(Pi, y) * pow(*_num2_p, y-(*_num1_p)) / factorial(y);
                                }
                        } else {
                                if (y.info(info_flags::odd)) {
-                                       return -bernoulli(_num1-y) / (_num1-y);
+                                       return -bernoulli((*_num1_p)-y) / ((*_num1_p)-y);
                                } else {
                                        return _ex0;
                                }