3 * Interface to GiNaC's light-weight expression handles. */
6 * GiNaC Copyright (C) 1999-2001 Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany
8 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
9 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
10 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
11 * (at your option) any later version.
13 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
14 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
15 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
16 * GNU General Public License for more details.
18 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
19 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
20 * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
23 #ifndef __GINAC_EX_H__
24 #define __GINAC_EX_H__
27 #include "operators.h"
31 // Sorry, this is the only constant to pollute the global scope, the other ones
32 // are defined in utils.h and not visible from outside.
34 extern const ex & _ex0(void); ///< single ex(numeric(0))
38 class scalar_products;
40 /** Lightweight wrapper for GiNaC's symbolic objects. Basically all it does is
41 * to hold a pointer to the other objects, manage the reference counting and
42 * provide methods for manipulation of these objects. (Some people call such
43 * a thing a proxy class.) */
50 // default ctor, dtor, copy ctor assignment operator and helpers
55 ex & operator=(const ex & other);
58 ex(const basic & other);
64 /** Construct ex from string and a list of symbols. The input grammar is
65 * similar to the GiNaC output format. All symbols to be used in the
66 * expression must be specified in a lst in the second argument. Undefined
67 * symbols and other parser errors will throw an exception. */
68 ex(const std::string &s, const ex &l);
70 // functions overriding virtual functions from bases classes
73 // new virtual functions which can be overridden by derived classes
76 // non-virtual functions in this class
78 void swap(ex & other);
79 void print(const print_context & c, unsigned level = 0) const;
80 void printtree(std::ostream & os) const;
81 void dbgprint(void) const;
82 void dbgprinttree(void) const;
83 bool info(unsigned inf) const { return bp->info(inf); }
84 unsigned nops() const { return bp->nops(); }
85 ex expand(unsigned options=0) const;
86 bool has(const ex & other) const { return bp->has(other); }
87 ex map(map_func f) const { return bp->map(f); }
88 int degree(const ex & s) const { return bp->degree(s); }
89 int ldegree(const ex & s) const { return bp->ldegree(s); }
90 ex coeff(const ex & s, int n = 1) const { return bp->coeff(s, n); }
91 ex lcoeff(const ex & s) const { return coeff(s, degree(s)); }
92 ex tcoeff(const ex & s) const { return coeff(s, ldegree(s)); }
95 ex numer_denom(void) const;
96 ex unit(const symbol &x) const;
97 ex content(const symbol &x) const;
98 numeric integer_content(void) const;
99 ex primpart(const symbol &x) const;
100 ex primpart(const symbol &x, const ex &cont) const;
101 ex normal(int level = 0) const;
102 ex to_rational(lst &repl_lst) const;
103 ex smod(const numeric &xi) const;
104 numeric max_coefficient(void) const;
105 ex collect(const ex & s, bool distributed = false) const { return bp->collect(s, distributed); }
106 ex eval(int level = 0) const { return bp->eval(level); }
107 ex evalf(int level = 0) const { return bp->evalf(level); }
108 ex evalm(void) const { return bp->evalm(); }
109 ex diff(const symbol & s, unsigned nth = 1) const;
110 ex series(const ex & r, int order, unsigned options = 0) const;
111 bool match(const ex & pattern) const;
112 bool match(const ex & pattern, lst & repl_lst) const { return bp->match(pattern, repl_lst); }
113 ex subs(const lst & ls, const lst & lr, bool no_pattern = false) const { return bp->subs(ls, lr, no_pattern); }
114 ex subs(const ex & e, bool no_pattern = false) const { return bp->subs(e, no_pattern); }
115 exvector get_free_indices(void) const { return bp->get_free_indices(); }
116 ex simplify_indexed(void) const;
117 ex simplify_indexed(const scalar_products & sp) const;
118 ex symmetrize(void) const;
119 ex symmetrize(const lst & l) const;
120 ex antisymmetrize(void) const;
121 ex antisymmetrize(const lst & l) const;
122 ex symmetrize_cyclic(void) const;
123 ex symmetrize_cyclic(const lst & l) const;
124 ex simplify_ncmul(const exvector & v) const { return bp->simplify_ncmul(v); }
125 ex operator[](const ex & index) const;
126 ex operator[](int i) const;
127 ex op(int i) const { return bp->op(i); }
131 int compare(const ex & other) const;
132 bool is_equal(const ex & other) const;
133 bool is_zero(void) const { return is_equal(_ex0()); }
135 unsigned return_type(void) const { return bp->return_type(); }
136 unsigned return_type_tinfo(void) const { return bp->return_type_tinfo(); }
137 unsigned gethash(void) const { return bp->gethash(); }
139 void construct_from_basic(const basic & other);
140 void construct_from_int(int i);
141 void construct_from_uint(unsigned int i);
142 void construct_from_long(long i);
143 void construct_from_ulong(unsigned long i);
144 void construct_from_double(double d);
145 void construct_from_string_and_lst(const std::string &s, const ex &l);
146 void makewriteable();
148 #ifdef OBSCURE_CINT_HACK
150 static bool last_created_or_assigned_bp_can_be_converted_to_ex(void)
152 if (last_created_or_assigned_bp==0) return false;
153 if ((last_created_or_assigned_bp->flags &
154 status_flags::dynallocated)==0) return false;
155 if ((last_created_or_assigned_bp->flags &
156 status_flags::evaluated)==0) return false;
160 void update_last_created_or_assigned_bp(void)
162 if (last_created_or_assigned_bp!=0) {
163 if (--last_created_or_assigned_bp->refcount == 0) {
164 delete last_created_or_assigned_bp;
167 last_created_or_assigned_bp = bp;
168 ++last_created_or_assigned_bp->refcount;
169 last_created_or_assigned_exp = (long)(void *)(this);
171 #endif // def OBSCURE_CINT_HACK
176 basic *bp; ///< pointer to basic object managed by this
177 #ifdef OBSCURE_CINT_HACK
178 static basic * last_created_or_assigned_bp;
179 static basic * dummy_bp;
180 static long last_created_or_assigned_exp;
181 #endif // def OBSCURE_CINT_HACK
185 // performance-critical inlined method implementations
188 ex::ex() : bp(_ex0().bp)
190 /*debugmsg("ex default ctor",LOGLEVEL_CONSTRUCT);*/
191 GINAC_ASSERT(_ex0().bp!=0);
192 GINAC_ASSERT(_ex0().bp->flags & status_flags::dynallocated);
195 #ifdef OBSCURE_CINT_HACK
196 update_last_created_or_assigned_bp();
197 #endif // def OBSCURE_CINT_HACK
203 /*debugmsg("ex dtor",LOGLEVEL_DESTRUCT);*/
205 GINAC_ASSERT(bp->flags & status_flags::dynallocated);
206 if (--bp->refcount == 0)
211 ex::ex(const ex & other) : bp(other.bp)
213 /*debugmsg("ex copy ctor",LOGLEVEL_CONSTRUCT);*/
215 GINAC_ASSERT((bp->flags) & status_flags::dynallocated);
217 #ifdef OBSCURE_CINT_HACK
218 update_last_created_or_assigned_bp();
219 #endif // def OBSCURE_CINT_HACK
223 ex & ex::operator=(const ex & other)
225 /*debugmsg("ex operator=",LOGLEVEL_ASSIGNMENT);*/
227 GINAC_ASSERT(bp->flags & status_flags::dynallocated);
228 GINAC_ASSERT(other.bp!=0);
229 GINAC_ASSERT(other.bp->flags & status_flags::dynallocated);
230 // NB: must first increment other.bp->refcount, since other might be *this.
231 ++other.bp->refcount;
232 if (--bp->refcount==0)
235 #ifdef OBSCURE_CINT_HACK
236 update_last_created_or_assigned_bp();
237 #endif // def OBSCURE_CINT_HACK
242 ex::ex(const basic & other)
244 /*debugmsg("ex ctor from basic",LOGLEVEL_CONSTRUCT);*/
245 construct_from_basic(other);
246 #ifdef OBSCURE_CINT_HACK
247 update_last_created_or_assigned_bp();
248 #endif // def OBSCURE_CINT_HACK
254 /*debugmsg("ex ctor from int",LOGLEVEL_CONSTRUCT);*/
255 construct_from_int(i);
256 #ifdef OBSCURE_CINT_HACK
257 update_last_created_or_assigned_bp();
258 #endif // def OBSCURE_CINT_HACK
262 ex::ex(unsigned int i)
264 /*debugmsg("ex ctor from unsigned int",LOGLEVEL_CONSTRUCT);*/
265 construct_from_uint(i);
266 #ifdef OBSCURE_CINT_HACK
267 update_last_created_or_assigned_bp();
268 #endif // def OBSCURE_CINT_HACK
274 /*debugmsg("ex ctor from long",LOGLEVEL_CONSTRUCT);*/
275 construct_from_long(i);
276 #ifdef OBSCURE_CINT_HACK
277 update_last_created_or_assigned_bp();
278 #endif // def OBSCURE_CINT_HACK
282 ex::ex(unsigned long i)
284 /*debugmsg("ex ctor from unsigned long",LOGLEVEL_CONSTRUCT);*/
285 construct_from_ulong(i);
286 #ifdef OBSCURE_CINT_HACK
287 update_last_created_or_assigned_bp();
288 #endif // def OBSCURE_CINT_HACK
292 ex::ex(double const d)
294 /*debugmsg("ex ctor from double",LOGLEVEL_CONSTRUCT);*/
295 construct_from_double(d);
296 #ifdef OBSCURE_CINT_HACK
297 update_last_created_or_assigned_bp();
298 #endif // def OBSCURE_CINT_HACK
302 ex::ex(const std::string &s, const ex &l)
304 /*debugmsg("ex ctor from string,lst",LOGLEVEL_CONSTRUCT);*/
305 construct_from_string_and_lst(s, l);
306 #ifdef OBSCURE_CINT_HACK
307 update_last_created_or_assigned_bp();
308 #endif // def OBSCURE_CINT_HACK
312 int ex::compare(const ex & other) const
315 GINAC_ASSERT(other.bp!=0);
316 if (bp==other.bp) // trivial case: both expressions point to same basic
318 return bp->compare(*other.bp);
322 bool ex::is_equal(const ex & other) const
325 GINAC_ASSERT(other.bp!=0);
326 if (bp==other.bp) // trivial case: both expressions point to same basic
328 return bp->is_equal(*other.bp);
333 inline bool are_ex_trivially_equal(const ex &e1, const ex &e2)
335 return e1.bp == e2.bp;
338 // wrapper functions around member functions
339 inline unsigned nops(const ex & thisex)
340 { return thisex.nops(); }
342 inline ex expand(const ex & thisex, unsigned options = 0)
343 { return thisex.expand(options); }
345 inline bool has(const ex & thisex, const ex & other)
346 { return thisex.has(other); }
348 inline int degree(const ex & thisex, const ex & s)
349 { return thisex.degree(s); }
351 inline int ldegree(const ex & thisex, const ex & s)
352 { return thisex.ldegree(s); }
354 inline ex coeff(const ex & thisex, const ex & s, int n=1)
355 { return thisex.coeff(s, n); }
357 inline ex numer(const ex & thisex)
358 { return thisex.numer(); }
360 inline ex denom(const ex & thisex)
361 { return thisex.denom(); }
363 inline ex numer_denom(const ex & thisex)
364 { return thisex.numer_denom(); }
366 inline ex normal(const ex & thisex, int level=0)
367 { return thisex.normal(level); }
369 inline ex to_rational(const ex & thisex, lst & repl_lst)
370 { return thisex.to_rational(repl_lst); }
372 inline ex collect(const ex & thisex, const ex & s, bool distributed = false)
373 { return thisex.collect(s, distributed); }
375 inline ex eval(const ex & thisex, int level = 0)
376 { return thisex.eval(level); }
378 inline ex evalf(const ex & thisex, int level = 0)
379 { return thisex.evalf(level); }
381 inline ex evalm(const ex & thisex)
382 { return thisex.evalm(); }
384 inline ex diff(const ex & thisex, const symbol & s, unsigned nth = 1)
385 { return thisex.diff(s, nth); }
387 inline ex series(const ex & thisex, const ex & r, int order, unsigned options = 0)
388 { return thisex.series(r, order, options); }
390 inline bool match(const ex & thisex, const ex & pattern, lst & repl_lst)
391 { return thisex.match(pattern, repl_lst); }
393 inline ex subs(const ex & thisex, const ex & e)
394 { return thisex.subs(e); }
396 inline ex subs(const ex & thisex, const lst & ls, const lst & lr)
397 { return thisex.subs(ls, lr); }
399 inline ex simplify_indexed(const ex & thisex)
400 { return thisex.simplify_indexed(); }
402 inline ex simplify_indexed(const ex & thisex, const scalar_products & sp)
403 { return thisex.simplify_indexed(sp); }
405 inline ex symmetrize(const ex & thisex)
406 { return thisex.symmetrize(); }
408 inline ex symmetrize(const ex & thisex, const lst & l)
409 { return thisex.symmetrize(l); }
411 inline ex antisymmetrize(const ex & thisex)
412 { return thisex.antisymmetrize(); }
414 inline ex antisymmetrize(const ex & thisex, const lst & l)
415 { return thisex.antisymmetrize(l); }
417 inline ex symmetrize_cyclic(const ex & thisex)
418 { return thisex.symmetrize_cyclic(); }
420 inline ex symmetrize_cyclic(const ex & thisex, const lst & l)
421 { return thisex.symmetrize_cyclic(l); }
423 inline ex op(const ex & thisex, int i)
424 { return thisex.op(i); }
426 inline ex lhs(const ex & thisex)
427 { return thisex.lhs(); }
429 inline ex rhs(const ex & thisex)
430 { return thisex.rhs(); }
432 inline bool is_zero(const ex & thisex)
433 { return thisex.is_zero(); }
435 inline void swap(ex & e1, ex & e2)
440 #endif // ndef __GINAC_EX_H__