cint/ginaccint.bin.cpp

   1 /* ginaccint.bin.cpp:  Binary depends on CINTSYSDIR, better don't call it
   2  * directly.  Use the launcher (compiled from ginaccint.cpp) instead. */
   3
   4 #include "G__ci.h"   /* G__atpause is defined in G__ci.h */
   5
   6 #if (!defined(G__CINTVERSION)) || (G__CINTVERSION < 501460)
   7 #error You need at least cint 5.14.60 to compile GiNaC-cint. Download it via http from root.cern.ch/root/Cint.html or via ftp from ftpthep.physik.uni-mainz.de/pub/cint
   8 #endif // (!defined(G__CINTVERSION)) || (G__CINTVERSION < 501438)
   9
  10 #include <iostream>
  11 #include <fstream>
  12 #include <string>
  13 #include <stdio.h>
  14 #include <stdlib.h>
  15 #include "ginac/ginac.h"
  16 #include "config.h"
  17 #include <list>
  18
  19 #ifndef NO_NAMESPACE_GINAC
  20 using namespace GiNaC;
  21 #endif // ndef NO_NAMESPACE_GINAC
  22
  23 extern "C" G__value G__exec_tempfile G__P((char *file));
  24 extern "C" void G__store_undo_position(void);
  25
  26 #define PROMPT1 "GiNaC> "
  27 #define PROMPT2 "     > "
  28
  29 #ifdef OBSCURE_CINT_HACK
  30
  31 #include <strstream>
  32
  33 template<class T>
  34 std::string ToString(const T & t)
  35 {
  36         char buf[256];
  37         ostrstream(buf,sizeof(buf)) << t << ends;
  38         return buf;
  39 }
  40
  41 basic * ex::last_created_or_assigned_bp = 0;
  42 basic * ex::dummy_bp = 0;
  43 long ex::last_created_or_assigned_exp = 0;
  44
  45 #endif // def OBSCURE_CINT_HACK
  46
  47 G__value exec_tempfile(std::string const & command);
  48 char * process_permanentfile(std::string const & command);
  49 void process_tempfile(std::string const & command);
  50 void greeting(void);
  51 void helpmessage(void);
  52 std::string preprocess(char const * const line, bool & comment, bool & single_quote,
  53                        bool & double_quote, unsigned & open_braces);
  54 void cleanup(void);
  55 void sigterm_handler(int n);
  56 void initialize(void);
  57 void initialize_cint(void);
  58 void restart(void);
  59 bool is_command(std::string const & command, std::string & preprocessed,
  60                 std::string const & comparevalue, bool substr=false);
  61 bool readlines(istream * is, std::string & allcommands);
  62 bool readfile(std::string const & filename, std::string & allcommands, bool shutup=false);
  63 void savefile(std::string const & filename, std::string const & allcommands);
  64
  65 typedef list<char *> cplist;
  66 cplist filenames;
  67 bool redirect_output = false;
  68 bool silent = false;
  69
  70 G__value exec_tempfile(std::string const & command)
  71 {
  72         G__value retval;
  73         char *tmpfilename = tempnam(NULL,"ginac");
  74         std::ofstream fout;
  75         fout.open(tmpfilename);
  76         fout << "{" << std::endl << command << std::endl << "}" << std::endl;
  77         fout.close();
  78         G__store_undo_position();
  79         retval = G__exec_tempfile(tmpfilename);
  80         G__security_recover(stdout);
  81         remove(tmpfilename);
  82         free(tmpfilename);
  83         return retval;
  84 }
  85
  86 char * process_permanentfile(std::string const & command)
  87 {
  88         char *tmpfilename = tempnam(NULL,"ginac");
  89         if (!silent)
  90                 std::cout << "creating file " << tmpfilename << std::endl;
  91         std::ofstream fout;
  92         fout.open(tmpfilename);
  93         fout << command << std::endl;
  94         fout.close();
  95         G__store_undo_position();
  96         G__loadfile(tmpfilename);
  97         G__security_recover(stdout);
  98         return tmpfilename;
  99 }
 100
 101 void process_tempfile(std::string const & command)
 102 {
 103 #ifdef OBSCURE_CINT_HACK
 104         static G__value ref_symbol = exec_tempfile("symbol ginac_cint_internal_symbol; ginac_cint_internal_symbol;");
 105         static G__value ref_constant = exec_tempfile("constant ginac_cint_internal_constant; ginac_cint_internal_constant;");
 106         static G__value ref_function = exec_tempfile("sin(ginac_cint_internal_symbol);");
 107         static G__value ref_power = exec_tempfile("power(ex(ginac_cint_internal_symbol),ex(ginac_cint_internal_symbol));");
 108         static G__value ref_numeric = exec_tempfile("numeric ginac_cint_internal_numeric; ginac_cint_internal_numeric;");
 109         static G__value ref_ex = exec_tempfile("ex ginac_cint_internal_ex; ginac_cint_internal_ex;");
 110         static bool basic_type_warning_already_displayed = false;
 111 #endif // def OBSCURE_CINT_HACK
 112
 113         G__value retval = exec_tempfile(command);
 114
 115 #ifdef OBSCURE_CINT_HACK
 116
 117         #define TYPES_EQUAL(A,B) (((A).type==(B).type) && ((A).tagnum==(B).tagnum))
 118
 119         static unsigned out_count = 0;
 120         if (TYPES_EQUAL(retval,ref_ex)) {
 121                 std::string varname = "Out"+ToString(++out_count);
 122                 if (retval.obj.i!=ex::last_created_or_assigned_exp) {
 123                         // an ex was returned, but this is not the ex which was created last
 124                         // => this is not a temporary ex, but one that resides safely in memory
 125
 126                         // std::cout << "warning: using ex from retval (experimental)" << std::endl;
 127                         ex::dummy_bp = ((ex *)(void *)(retval.obj.i))->bp;
 128                         exec_tempfile("ex "+varname+"(*ex::dummy_bp);");
 129                 } else if (ex::last_created_or_assigned_bp_can_be_converted_to_ex()) {
 130                         exec_tempfile("ex "+varname+"(*ex::last_created_or_assigned_bp);");
 131                 } else {
 132                         std::cout << "warning: last_created_or_assigned_bp modified 0 or not evaluated or not dynallocated" << std::endl;
 133                 }
 134                 exec_tempfile(std::string()+"LLLAST=LLAST;\n"
 135                               +"LLAST=LAST;\n"
 136                               +"LAST="+varname+";\n"
 137                               +"if (ginac_cint_internal_redirect_output&&"
 138                               +"    ginac_cint_internal_fout.good()) {"
 139                               +"    ginac_cint_internal_fout << \""+varname+" = \" << "+varname+" << endl << endl;"
 140                               +"} else {"
 141                               +"    std::cout << \""+varname+" = \" << "+varname+" << endl << endl;"
 142                               +"}");
 143         } else if (TYPES_EQUAL(retval,ref_symbol)||
 144                    TYPES_EQUAL(retval,ref_constant)||
 145                    TYPES_EQUAL(retval,ref_function)||
 146                    TYPES_EQUAL(retval,ref_power)||
 147                    TYPES_EQUAL(retval,ref_numeric)) {
 148                 if (!basic_type_warning_already_displayed) {
 149                         std::cout << std::endl
 150                                   <<"WARNING: The return value of the last expression you entered was a symbol," << std::endl
 151                                   << "constant, function, power or numeric, which cannot be safely displayed." << std::endl
 152                                   << "To force the output, cast it explicitly to type 'ex' or use 'cout'," << std::endl
 153                                   << "for example (assume 'x' is a symbol):" << std::endl
 154                                   << PROMPT1 "ex(x);" << std::endl
 155                                   << "OutX = x" << std::endl << std::endl
 156                                   << PROMPT1 "cout << x << endl;" << std::endl
 157                                   << "x" << std::endl << std::endl
 158                                   << "This warning will not be shown again." << std::endl;
 159                         basic_type_warning_already_displayed = true;
 160                 }
 161         }
 162 #endif // def OBSCURE_CINT_HACK
 163         return;
 164 }
 165
 166 void greeting(void)
 167 {
 168         std::cout << "Welcome to GiNaC-cint (" << PACKAGE << " V" << VERSION
 169                   << ", Cint V" << G__CINTVERSION << ")\n";
 170         std::cout << "  __,  _______  GiNaC: (C) 1999-2001 Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz,\n"
 171                   << " (__) *       | Germany.  Cint C/C++ interpreter: (C) 1995-2001 Masaharu\n"
 172                   << "  ._) i N a C | Goto and Agilent Technologies, Japan.  This is free software\n"
 173                   << "<-------------' with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY.  For details, type `.warranty'\n"
 174                   << "Type `.help' for help.\n\n";
 175         return;
 176 }
 177
 178 void helpmessage(void)
 179 {
 180     std::cout << "GiNaC-cint recognizes some special commands which start with a dot:\n\n"
 181                   << "  .cint                    switch to cint interactive mode (see cint\n"
 182                   << "                           documentation for further details)\n"
 183                   << "  .function                define the body of a function (necessary due to a\n"
 184                   << "                           cint limitation)\n"
 185                   << "  .help                    the text you are currently reading\n"
 186                   << "  .q, .quit, .exit, .bye   quit GiNaC-cint\n"
 187                   << "  .read filename           read a file from disk and execute it in GiNaC-cint\n"
 188                   << "                           (recursive call is possible)\n"
 189                   << "  .redirect [filename]     redirect 'OutXY = ...' output to a file\n"
 190                   << "                           (.redirect alone redirects output back to console)\n"
 191                   << "  .restart                 restart GiNaC-cint (does not re-read command line\n"
 192                   << "                           files)\n"
 193                   << "  .save filename           save the commands you have entered so far in a file\n"
 194                   << "  .silent                  suppress 'OutXY = ...' output (variables are still\n"
 195                   << "                           accessible)\n"
 196                   << "  .warranty                information on redistribution and warranty\n"
 197                   << "  .> [filename]            same as .redirect [filename]\n\n"
 198                   << "Instead of '.cmd' you can also write '//GiNaC-cint.cmd' to be compatible with\n"
 199                   << "programs that will be compiled later.\n"
 200                   << "Additionally you can exit GiNaC-cint with quit; exit; or bye;\n\n";
 201     return;
 202 }
 203
 204 void warrantymessage(void)
 205 {
 206         std::cout << "GiNaC is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the\n"
 207                   << "the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software\n"
 208                   << "Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later\n"
 209                   << "version.\n"
 210                   << "This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT\n"
 211                   << "ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS\n"
 212                   << "FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more\n"
 213                   << "details.\n"
 214                   << "You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with\n"
 215                   << "this program. If not, write to the Free Software Foundation, 675 Mass Ave,\n"
 216                   << "Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.\n\n";
 217         std::cout << "Cint and associated tools are copyright by Agilent Technologies Japan Company\n"
 218                   << "and Masaharu Goto <MXJ02154@niftyserve.or.jp>.\n"
 219                   << "Source code, binary executable or library of Cint and associated tools can be\n"
 220                   << "used, modified and distributed with no royalty for any purpose provided that\n"
 221                   << "the copyright notice appear in all copies and that both that copyright notice\n"
 222                   << "and this permission notice appear in supporting documentation.\n"
 223                   << "Agilent Technologies Japan and the author make no representations about the\n"
 224                   << "suitability of this software for any purpose.  It is provided \"AS IS\"\n"
 225                   << "without express or implied warranty.\n";
 226     return;
 227 }
 228
 229 /** "preprocess" the line entered to be able to decide if the command shall be
 230  *  executed directly or more input is needed or this is a special command.
 231  *  All whitespace will be removed.  All comments will be removed.  Open and
 232  *  close braces ( { and } ) outside strings will be counted. */
 233 std::string preprocess(char const * const line, bool & comment, bool & single_quote,
 234                        bool & double_quote, unsigned & open_braces)
 235 {
 236         std::string preprocessed;
 237         int pos = 0;
 238         bool end = false;
 239         bool escape = false;
 240         bool slash = false;
 241         bool asterisk = false;
 242         while ((line[pos]!='\0')&&!end) {
 243                 if (escape) {
 244                         // last character was a \, ignore this one
 245                         escape = false;
 246                 } else if (slash) {
 247                         // last character was a /, test if * or /
 248                         slash = false;
 249                         if (line[pos]=='/') {
 250                                 end = true;
 251                         } else if (line[pos]=='*') {
 252                                 comment = true;
 253                         } else {
 254                                 preprocessed += '/';
 255                                 preprocessed += line[pos];
 256                         }
 257                 } else if (asterisk) {
 258                         // last character was a *, test if /
 259                         asterisk = false;
 260                         if (line[pos]=='/') {
 261                                 comment = false;
 262                         } else if (line[pos]=='*') {
 263                                 preprocessed += '*';
 264                                 asterisk = true;
 265                         }
 266                 } else {
 267                         switch (line[pos]) {
 268                         case ' ':
 269                         case '\t':
 270                         case '\n':
 271                         case '\r':
 272                                 // whitespace: ignore
 273                                 break;
 274                         case '\\':
 275                                 // escape character, ignore next
 276                                 escape = true;
 277                                 break;
 278                         case '"':
 279                                 if ((!single_quote)&&(!comment)) {
 280                                         double_quote = !double_quote;
 281                                 }
 282                                 break;
 283                                 case '\'':
 284                                         if ((!double_quote)&&(!comment)) {
 285                                                 single_quote = !single_quote;
 286                                         }
 287                                         break;
 288                         case '{':
 289                                 if ((!single_quote)&&(!double_quote)&&(!comment)) {
 290                                         ++open_braces;
 291                                 }
 292                                 break;
 293                         case '}':
 294                                 if ((!single_quote)&&(!double_quote)&&(!comment)&&(open_braces>0)) {
 295                                         --open_braces;
 296                                 }
 297                                 break;
 298                         case '/':
 299                                 slash = true;
 300                                 break;
 301                         case '*':
 302                                 asterisk = true;
 303                                 break;
 304                         default:
 305                                 preprocessed += line[pos];
 306                         }
 307                 }
 308                 ++pos;
 309         }
 310
 311         return preprocessed;
 312 }
 313
 314 void cleanup(void)
 315 {
 316         for (cplist::iterator it=filenames.begin(); it!=filenames.end(); ++it) {
 317                 if (!silent)
 318                         std::cout << "removing file " << *it << std::endl;
 319                 remove(*it);
 320                 free(*it);
 321         }
 322 }
 323
 324 void sigterm_handler(int n)
 325 {
 326         exit(1);
 327 }
 328
 329 void initialize(void)
 330 {
 331         atexit(cleanup);
 332         signal(SIGTERM,sigterm_handler);
 333         initialize_cint();
 334 }
 335
 336 void initialize_cint(void)
 337 {
 338         G__init_cint("cint");    /* initialize cint */
 339
 340 #ifndef NO_NAMESPACE_GINAC
 341         exec_tempfile("using namespace GiNaC;");
 342 #endif // ndef NO_NAMESPACE_GINAC
 343
 344         exec_tempfile("ex LAST,LLAST,LLLAST;\n");
 345         exec_tempfile("bool ginac_cint_internal_redirect_output=false;\n");
 346         exec_tempfile("ofstream ginac_cint_internal_fout;\n");
 347 }
 348
 349 void restart(void)
 350 {
 351         std::cout << "Restarting GiNaC-cint." << std::endl;
 352         G__scratch_all();
 353         initialize_cint();
 354 }
 355
 356 void redirect(std::string const & filename,
 357               bool shutup=false)
 358 {
 359         if (filename=="") {
 360                 if (!shutup)
 361                         std::cout << "Redirecting output back to console..." << std::endl;
 362                 exec_tempfile(std::string()
 363                               +"ginac_cint_internal_redirect_output=false;\n"
 364                               +"ginac_cint_internal_fout.close();");
 365         } else {
 366                 if (!shutup)
 367                         std::cout << "Redirecting output to " << filename << "..." << std::endl;
 368                 exec_tempfile(std::string()
 369                               +"ginac_cint_internal_redirect_output=true;\n"
 370                               +"ginac_cint_internal_fout.open(\""+filename+"\");\n");
 371         }
 372 }
 373
 374 /** Sort out command line options and evaluate them.  Returns true if it
 375  *  succeeds and false otherwise. */
 376 bool evaloption(const std::string & option)
 377 {
 378         if (option=="--version") {
 379                 std::cout << "GiNaC-cint (" << PACKAGE << " V" << VERSION
 380                           << ", Cint V" << G__CINTVERSION << ")\n";
 381                 exit(0);
 382         }
 383         if (option=="--help") {
 384                 std::cout << "GiNaC-cint (" << PACKAGE << " V" << VERSION
 385                           << ", Cint V" << G__CINTVERSION << ")\n";
 386                 std::cout << "usage: ginaccint [option] [file ...]\n";
 387                 std::cout << " --help           print this help message and exit\n"
 388                           << " --silent         invoke ginaccint in silent mode\n"
 389                           << " --version        print GiNaC version and Cint version and exit\n";
 390                 exit(0);
 391         }
 392         if (option=="--silent") {
 393                 redirect("/dev/null",true);
 394                 silent = true;
 395                 return true;
 396         }
 397         return false;
 398 }
 399
 400 bool is_command(std::string const & command,
 401                 std::string & preprocessed,
 402                 std::string const & comparevalue,
 403                 bool substr)
 404 {
 405         bool single_quote = false;
 406         bool double_quote = false;
 407         bool comment = false;
 408         unsigned open_braces = 0;
 409         if ((preprocessed=="."+comparevalue)||
 410                 substr&&(preprocessed.substr(0,comparevalue.length()+1)==
 411                                  "."+comparevalue)) {
 412                 return true;
 413         }
 414         if ((command=="//GiNaC-cint."+comparevalue+"\n") ||
 415                 substr &&
 416                 (command.substr(0,comparevalue.length()+13)=="//GiNaC-cint."+comparevalue)) {
 417                 preprocessed = preprocess(command.substr(12).c_str(),comment,
 418                                           single_quote,double_quote,open_braces);
 419                 return true;
 420         }
 421         return false;
 422 }
 423
 424 bool readlines(istream * is,
 425                std::string & allcommands)
 426 {
 427         char const * line;
 428         char prompt[G__ONELINE];
 429         std::string linebuffer;
 430
 431         bool quit = false;
 432         bool eof = false;
 433         bool next_command_is_function = false;
 434         bool single_quote = false;
 435         bool double_quote = false;
 436         bool comment = false;
 437         unsigned open_braces = 0;
 438
 439         while ((!quit)&&(!eof)) {
 440                 strcpy(prompt,PROMPT1);
 441                 bool end_of_command = false;
 442                 std::string command;
 443                 std::string preprocessed;
 444                 while (!end_of_command) {
 445                         if (is==NULL) {
 446                                 line = G__input(prompt);
 447                         } else {
 448                                 getline(*is,linebuffer);
 449                                 line = linebuffer.c_str();
 450                         }
 451                         command += line;
 452                         command += "\n";
 453                         preprocessed += preprocess(line,comment,single_quote,double_quote,open_braces);
 454                         if ((open_braces==0)&&(!single_quote)&&(!double_quote)&&(!comment)) {
 455                                 unsigned l = preprocessed.length();
 456                                 if ((l==0)||
 457                                     (preprocessed[0]=='#')||
 458                                     (preprocessed[0]=='.')||
 459                                     (preprocessed[l-1]==';')||
 460                                     (preprocessed[l-1]=='}')) {
 461                                     end_of_command = true;
 462                                 }
 463                         }
 464                         strcpy(prompt,PROMPT2);
 465                 }
 466                 if ((preprocessed=="quit;")||
 467                     (preprocessed=="exit;")||
 468                     (preprocessed=="bye;")||
 469                     (is_command(command,preprocessed,"quit"))||
 470                     (is_command(command,preprocessed,"exit"))||
 471                     (is_command(command,preprocessed,"bye"))||
 472                     (is_command(command,preprocessed,"q"))) {
 473                     quit = true;
 474                 } else if (is_command(command,preprocessed,"function")) {
 475                         if (!silent)
 476                                 std::cout << "next expression can be a function definition" << std::endl;
 477                         next_command_is_function = true;
 478                 } else if (is_command(command,preprocessed,"cint")) {
 479                         std::cout << std::endl << "switching to cint interactive mode" << std::endl;
 480                         std::cout << "'h' for help, 'q' to quit, '{ statements }' or 'p [expression]' to evaluate" << std::endl;
 481                         G__pause();
 482                         std::cout << "back from cint" << std::endl;
 483                 } else if (is_command(command,preprocessed,"help")) {
 484                         helpmessage();
 485                 } else if (is_command(command,preprocessed,"read",true)) {
 486                         quit = readfile(preprocessed.substr(5),allcommands);
 487                 } else if (is_command(command,preprocessed,"save",true)) {
 488                         command = "/* "+command+" */"; // we do not want the .save command itself in saved files
 489                         savefile(preprocessed.substr(5),allcommands);
 490                 } else if (is_command(command,preprocessed,"restart")) {
 491                         restart();
 492                 } else if (is_command(command,preprocessed,"redirect",true)) {
 493                         redirect(preprocessed.substr(9));
 494                 } else if (is_command(command,preprocessed,">",true)) {
 495                         redirect(preprocessed.substr(2));
 496                 } else if (is_command(command,preprocessed,"silent")) {
 497                         if (!silent) {
 498                                 redirect("/dev/null");
 499                                 silent = true;
 500                         } else {
 501                                 redirect("");
 502                                 silent = false;
 503                         }
 504                 } else if (is_command(command,preprocessed,"warranty")) {
 505                         warrantymessage();
 506                 /* insert tests for more special commands here */
 507                 } else if (command.substr(0,2)=="#!") {
 508                         // ignore lines which indicate that this file is executed as a script
 509                 } else {
 510                         // std::cout << "now processing: " << command << std::endl;
 511                         if (next_command_is_function) {
 512                                 next_command_is_function = false;
 513                                 filenames.push_back(process_permanentfile(command));
 514                         } else {
 515                                 process_tempfile(command);
 516                         }
 517                 }
 518                 if (is!=NULL) {
 519                         // test for end of file if reading from a stream
 520                         eof = is->eof();
 521                 } else {
 522                         // save commands only when reading from keyboard
 523                         allcommands += command;
 524                 }
 525
 526         }
 527         return quit;
 528 }
 529
 530 bool readfile(std::string const & filename,
 531               std::string & allcommands,
 532               bool shutup = false)
 533 {
 534         if (!shutup)
 535                 std::cout << "Reading commands from file " << filename << "." << std::endl;
 536         bool quit = false;
 537         std::ifstream fin;
 538         fin.open(filename.c_str());
 539         if (fin.good())
 540                 quit = readlines(&fin,allcommands);
 541         else
 542                 std::cout << "Cannot open " << filename << " for reading." << std::endl;
 543         fin.close();
 544         return quit;
 545 }
 546
 547 void savefile(std::string const & filename, std::string const & allcommands)
 548 {
 549         std::cout << "Saving commands to file " << filename << "." << std::endl;
 550         std::ofstream fout;
 551         fout.open(filename.c_str());
 552         if (fout.good()) {
 553                 fout << allcommands;
 554                 if (!fout.good()) {
 555                         std::cout << "Cannot save commands to " << filename << "." << std::endl;
 556                 }
 557         } else {
 558                 std::cout << "Cannot open " << filename << " for writing." << std::endl;
 559         }
 560         fout.close();
 561 }
 562
 563 int main(int argc, char * *argv)
 564 {
 565         std::string allcommands;
 566         initialize();
 567
 568         bool quit = false;
 569         // sort out and evaluate recognized options from the argument list
 570         for (int i=1; i<argc; ++i)
 571                 if (evaloption(argv[i])) {
 572                         for (int j=i; j<argc-1; ++j)
 573                                 argv[j] = argv[j+1];
 574                         --argc;
 575                 }
 576         bool argsexist = argc>1;
 577
 578         // greet the user if it makes sense
 579         if (isatty(0) && !silent)
 580                 greeting();
 581
 582         // evaluate files given as command line arguments
 583         if (argsexist) {
 584                 allcommands = "/* Files given as command line arguments:\n";
 585                 --argc;
 586                 while (argc && !quit) {
 587                         allcommands += std::string(argv[argc])+'\n';
 588                         quit = readfile(argv[argc], allcommands, silent);
 589                         --argc;
 590                 }
 591                 allcommands += "*/\n";
 592         }
 593
 594         // evaluate input from command line or script
 595         if (!quit)
 596                 readlines(NULL, allcommands);
 597
 598         return 0;
 599 }