Tips for performance tuning on a specific architecture: 1a. Choose the optimal digit size (intDsize). This is fundamental. On 32-bit platforms intDsize=32 is best. On 64-bit platforms intDsize=64 may be better, especially if there is a 64x64-bit multiplication in hardware. 1b. Alternatively, tune GMP. When GMP is used, CLN's digit size (intDsize) has to match GMP's limb size (sizeof(mp_limb_t)). There is nothing to do at the CLN side: The configure script will take care of intDsize automatically. 2. The break-even points between several algorithms for the same task have to be determined experimentally, in the order given below: multiplication: cl_DS_mul.cc karatsuba_threshold cl_DS_mul.cc function cl_fftm_suitable division: cl_DS_div.cc function cl_recip_suitable 2-adic reciprocal: cl_2DS_recip.cc recip2adic_threshold 2-adic division: cl_2DS_div.cc function cl_recip_suitable square root: cl_DS_sqrt.cc function cl_recipsqrt_suitable cl_LF_sqrt.cc "if (len > ...)" gcd: cl_I_gcd.cc cl_gcd_double_threshold binary->decimal conversion: cl_I_to_digits.cc cl_digits_div_threshold pi: cl_LF_pi.cc best of 4 algorithms exp, log: cl_F_expx.cc factor limit_slope of isqrt(d) cl_R_exp.cc inside function exp cl_R_ln.cc inside function ln eulerconst: cl_LF_eulerconst.cc function compute_eulerconst sin, cos, sinh, cosh: cl_F_sinx.cc factor limit_slope of isqrt(d) cl_R_sin.cc inside function sin cl_R_cos.cc inside function cos cl_R_cossin.cc inside function cl_cos_sin cl_F_sinhx.cc factor limit_slope of isqrt(d) cl_R_sinh.cc inside function sinh cl_R_cosh.cc inside function cosh cl_R_coshsinh.cc inside function cl_cosh_sinh cl_F_atanx.cc factor limit_slope of isqrt(d) cl_F_atanx.cc inside function atanx cl_F_atanhx.cc factor limit_slope of isqrt(d) cl_F_atanhx.cc inside function atanhx